Krim Ekstrak Bawang Hitam (Allium sativum Linn) Mencegah Peningkatan Ekspresi MMP-1 dan Penurunan Jumlah Kolagen Dermis Kulit Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Jantan yang Dipapar Sinar UV-B

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Bawang hitam berasal dari bawang putih (Allium sativum Linn) melalui proses pemanasan, sehingga terjadi peningkatan kandungan antioksidan: fenolik, flavonoid (quarcetin), dan DPPH (IC-50). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan krim ekstrak bawang hitam (Allium sativum Linn) mencegah peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 dan penurunan jumlah kolagen dermis pada kulit tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar jantan yang dipapar sinar UV-B. Metode: Penelitan ini adalah penelitian eksperimental post-test only control group design. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 36 ekor tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar jantan, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan secara acak. Tikus diberi bahan dasar krim dan dipapar sinar UV-B disebut kelompok kontrol, tikus diberi krim ekstrak bawang hitam 15% dan dipapar sinar UV-B disebut kelompok perlakuan. Total dosis UV-B 840 mJ/cm2 selama 4 minggu. Setelah perlakuan, tikus dieuthanasia dengan ketamine-xylazine lalu ekspresi MMP-1 diperiksa secara imunohistokimia dan jumlah kolagen dermis kulitnya menggunakan pewarnaan Pico-Sirius-Red. Hasil: Rerata ekspresi MMP-1 kelompok kontrol 28,58% dan kelompok perlakuan 8,60%; p<0,001 (uji t independent); terdapat perbedaan bermakna ekspresi MMP-1 antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Rerata jumlah kolagen kelompok kontrol 57,53% dan kelompok perlakuan 83,80%; p<0,001 (uji t independent); terdapat perbedaan bermakna jumlah kolagen antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Simpulan: Krim ekstrak bawang hitam (Allium sativum Linn) 15% mencegah peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 dan penurunan jumlah kolagen dermis kulit tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar jantan yang dipapar sinar UV-B.

Aim: Black garlic was produced from garlic (Allium sativum Linn) through the heating process to increase the antioxidant content: phenolic, flavonoid (quarcetin), and DPPH (IC-50). The aim of this study is to prove that black garlic extract cream (Allium sativum Linn) application prevents enhancement of MMP-1 expression and reduction of dermal collagen in male Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus) skin which has been exposed to UV-B light. Method: An experimental research using post-test only control group design. Total samples of 36 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into 2 groups. Control group were given cream and UV-B exposure (P0), treatment group were given 15% black garlic cream extract and UV-B exposure (P1). The total dose of UV-B was mJ/cm2 for 4 weeks. The rats were euthanized with ketamine-xylazine after treatment; MMP1 expression was examined using immunohistochemistry and dermal collagen using Pico-Sirius-Red staining. Result: MMP-1 expression of control group 28.58% and of treatment group 8.60% (independent t test, p<0.001). Mean of collagen in control group 57.53% and in treatment group 83.8% (independent t test, p<0.001). Conclusion: Black garlic extract cream 15% prevents the enhancement of MMP-1 expression and the reduction of dermal collagen in male Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus) skin which has been exposed to UV-B light.