Efek Kafein terhadap Kesehatan Manusia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v46i1.539Keywords:
Kafein, kesehatan, kopiAbstract
Kafein merupakan bahan alami yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia, dapat ditemukan dalam berbagai produk makanan, minuman, serta obat-obatan. Saat ini minum kopi sudah menjadi tren dan kebiasaan bagi warga masyarakat khususnya di kota-kota besar, sehingga mendorong peningkatan konsumsi kopi yang kandungan utamanya adalah kafein. Kafein memiliki berbagai efek menguntungkan ataupun merugikan pada tubuh manusia. Efek jangka panjangnya masih kontroversial, pengaruhnya berbeda-beda tergantung pada metabolisme individu. Peningkatan kadar serum kolesterol, LDL, konsentrasi homosistein, dan tekanan darah merupakan beberapa efek merugikan, sedangkan penurunan risiko diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan berbagai kanker merupakan efek menguntungkan.
Caffeine is the most consumed natural ingredient in the world, found in a wide variety of food products, beverages, and medicines. Drinking coffee has become a trend and habit, especially in cities, thus encouraging increased consumption of coffee and caffeine as its main content. Caffeine is known to have both beneficial and adverse effects on the human body; may vary, depending on the individual metabolism. Increased serum cholesterol levels, LDL, homocysteine concentrations, and blood pressure are several adverse effects, while decreasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and various cancers is a beneficial effect.
Downloads
References
Liu J, Sui X, Lavie CJ, Hebert JR, Earnest CP, Zhang J, et al. Association of coffee consumption with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013; 88(10):1066-74.
Kemenperin. Gaya hidup dorong industri kopi tumbuh. Kementrian Perindustrian [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 June 6]. Available from: http://www.kemenperin.go.id/artikel/15421/Menperin:-Gaya-Hidup-Dorong-Industri-Kopi-Tumbuh
Fauzi A, Punia IN, Kamajaya G. Budaya nongkrong anak muda di Kafe (tinjauan gaya hidup anak muda di Kota Denpasar). Indonesia: Universitas Udayana; 2017.
O’Keefe JH, Bhatti SK, Patil HR, DiNicolantonio JJ, Lucan SC, Lavie CJ. Effects of habitual coffee consumption on cardiometabolic disease, cardiovascular health, and all-cause mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 62:1043-51.
Rijal P. Coffee as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The Arctic University of Norway; 2016
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research. Caffeine for the sustainment of mental task performance: Formulations for military operations. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. 2, Pharmacology of Caffeine. Available ftom: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223808/ accessed 6th June, 2018.
Echeverri D, Montes FR, Cabrera M, Galan A, Prieto A. Caffeine’s vascular mechanisms of action. Int J Vasc Med. 2010;2010: 834060
Addicott MA, Yang LL, Peiffer AM, Burnett LR, Burdette JH, Chen MY, et al. The effect of daily caffeine use on cerebral blood flow how much caffeine can we tolerate. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009;30(10):3102-14.
Mitchell DC, Knight CA, Hockenberry J, Teplansky R, Hartman TJ. Beverage caffeine intakes in the US. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014;63:136-42.
Heckman MA, Weil J, Gonzalez de Meija E. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethlxanthine) in foods: A comprehensive review on comsumption, functionality, safety, and regulatory matters. J Food Sci. 2010;75(3):77-87.
Butt MS, Sultan MT. Coffee and its comsumption: Benefits and risks. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2011;51(4):363-73.
Mesas AE, Leon-Munz LM, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E. The Effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J. Clin Nutr. 2011;94:1113-26.
National Soft Drink Association, US Food and Drug Administration. Caffeine content of popular drinks [Internet]. [cited 2018 June 6]. Available from: https://www.math.utah.edu/~yplee/fun/caffeine.html
Center for Science in the Public Interest. Caffeine chart. Washington (DC) [Internet]. Available from: https://cspinet.org/eating-healthy/ingredients-of-concern/caffeine-chart accessed 6th June, 2018.
Bonita JS, Mandarano M, Shuta D, Vinson J. Coffee and cardiovascular disease: In vitro, cellular, animal, and human studies. Pharmacol Res. 2007;55:187-98.
Lee C. Antioxidant ability of caffeine and its metabolites based on the study of oxygen radical absorbing capacity and inhibition of LDL peroxidation. Clin Chim Acta 2000;295:141-54.
Halvorsen BL, Carlsen MH, Philips KM, Bøhn SK, Holte K, Jacobs DR Jr, et al. Content of redox-active compounds (ie, antioxidants) in foods consumed in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:95-135.
Whayne TF. Jr. Coffee: A selected overview of beneficial or harmful effects on the cardiovascular system? Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2015;13(5):637-48.
Ludwig IA, Clifford MN, Lean ME, Ashihara H, Crozier A. Coffee: Biochemistry and potential impact on health. Food Funct. 2014;5(8):1695-717
Park JB. 5-Caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid orally administered suppress P-selectin expression on mouse platelets. J Nutr Biochem. 2009;20:800-5.
Poquet L. Clifford MN, Williamson G. Effect of dihydrocaffeic acid on UN irradiation of human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008;476:196-204.
Kokubo Y, Iso H, Saito I, Yamagishi K, Yatsuya H, Ishihara J, et al. The impact of green tea and coffee consumption on the reduced risk of stroke incidence in Japanese population. America Heart Association. Stroke. 2013;441:1369-74.
Grobbee DE, Rimm EB, Giovannucci E, Colditz G, Stampfer M. Willett W. Coffee, caffeine, and cardiovascular disease in men. N Eng J Med. 1990;323:1026-32
Lopez-Garcia E, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Rexrode KM, Logroscino G, Hu FB, van Dam RM. Coffee consumption and risk of stroke in women. Circulation. 2009;119:1116-23.
Hakim AA, Ross GW, Curb JD, Rodriguez BL, Burchfiel CM, Sharp DS, et al. Coffee consumption in hypertensive men in older middle-age and the risk of stroke; the Honolulu heart program. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;174:993-1001
Larson SC, Orsini N. Coffee consumption and risk of stroke: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2011:174:993-1001.
Larson SC, Vitamo J, Wold A. Coffee consumption and risk of stroke in women. Stroke. 2011;42:908-12.
Zhang Z, Hu G, Caballero B, Appel L, Chen L. Habitual coffee consumption and risk of hypertension a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93:1212–9.
Jee SH, He J, Whelton PK, Suh I, Klag MJ. The effect of chronic coffee drinking on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Hipertension 1999;33:647-52.
Noordzij M, Uiterwaal CS, Arends LR, Kok FJ, Grobbee DE, Geleijnse JM. Blood pressure response to chronic intake of coffee and caffeine: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens. 2005;23:921-8.
Park S, Jang JS, Hong SM. Long-term consumption of caffeine improves glucose homeostasis by enchancing insulinotropic action through islet insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in diabetic rats. Metabolism 2007;56:599-607.
Post SM, de Wit ECM, Pricen HMG. Cafestol, the cholesterol-raising factor in boiled coffee, suppresses bile acid synthesis by downregulation of cholesterol 7α-Hydroxylase and sterol 27-Hydroxylase in rat hepatocytes. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 1997; 17:3064-70.
Splaver A, Lamas GA, Hennekens CH. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease; Biological mechanisms, observational epidemiology, and the need for randomized trials. Am Heart J. 2004; 148:34-40.
Murphy MM, Fernandez-Ballart JD. Homocysteine in pregnancy. Adv Clin Chem. 2011; 53:105-37.
Shiraishi M, Haruna M, Matsuzaki M, Ota E, Murayama R, Sasaki S, et al. Relationship between plasma total homocysteine level. Nursing and Health Sciences 2014;16:164-70.
van Dam RM. Coffee and type 2 diabetes; from beans to beta-cells. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006;16:69-77.
Wedick NM, Brennan AM, Sun Q, Hu FB, Mantrzoros CS, van Dam RM. Effects of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee on biological risk factors for type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Nutr J. 2011;10:93-101.
Egawa T, Hamada T, Kameda N, Karaike K, Ma X, Masuda S, et al. Caffeine acutely activates 5’adenosine monophosphate-activaed protein kinase and increases insulin-independent glucose transport in rat skeletal muscles. Metabolism 2009;58:1609-17.
Morgan S, Koren G, Bozzo P. Is caffeine consumption safe during pregnancy. Canadian Family Physician; 2013;59:361-2
Fredholm BB, Battig K, Holmen J, Nehlig A, Zvartau EE. Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use. Pharmacol Rev. 1999;51(1):83-133
Goldstein A, Warren R. Passage of caffeine into human gonadal and fetal tissue. Biochem Pharmacol. 192;11:166-8
Aldrige A, Bailey J, Neims AH. The disposition of caffeine during and after pregnancy. Semin Perinatal. 1981;5(4):310-4
Al-saleh I, El-Doush I, Griselhi B, Coskun S. The effect of caffein consumption on the success rate of pregnancy as well various performance paramaters of in-viro fertilization treatment. Med Sci Moni. 2010;16(12):598-605
Herlyana E. Fenomena coffee shop sebagai gejala gaya hidup baru kaum muda. Indonesia: Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta; 2012.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.