Pencegahan dan Manajemen Vaginosis Bakterial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v49i1.183Keywords:
vaginosis bakterial, skor nugent, probiotikAbstract
Gangguan keseimbangan flora bakteri normal dalam vagina menyebabkan vaginosis bakterial. Vaginosis bakterial dapat tidak menunjukkan gejala atau ditandai dengan adanya tubuh putih keabuan disertai bau amis. Skor Nugent merupakan standar emas untuk diagnosis. Penggunaan probiotik menunjukkan hasil memuaskan sehingga dipertimbangkan dalam manajemen bakterial vaginosis.
Bacterial vaginosis is caused by disruption of normal bacterial flora balance in the vagina. This disease may show no symptoms; can be characterized by the presence of agrayish-white discharge accompanied by a fishy odor. Nugent score is the gold standard for diagnosis. The use of probiotics shows satisfactory results; and may be considered in the management of bacterial vaginosis.
Downloads
References
Rosen T. Gonorrhea, mycoplasma, and vaginosis. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff K, editors. Fitzpatrick’s dermatology in general medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012 .pp. 2514-26.
Javed A, Parvais F, Manzoor S. bacterial vaginosis: An insight into the prevalence, alternative regimen and its’s associated resistance patterns. Microb Pathog. 2019;127:21-30.
Habif TP. Superficial fungal infection. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical dermatology. 6th Ed. China: Elsevier; 2016 .pp. 518-36.
Donders G. Diagnosis and management of bacterial vaginosis and other types of abnormal vaginal bacterial flora: a review. Obst Gyn Survey J. 2010; 65(7):462-74.
Weis H, Polinsky JA, Bailey RC, Hankins C. Male circumcision: Global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability. UNAIDS; 2007 .pp. 1-44.
Modak T, Arora P, Agnes C, Ray R, Goswami S, Gosh P, et al. Diagnosis of bacterial in cases of abnormal vaginal discharge: Comparison and microbiological criteria. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011;5(5):353-60.
Kenyon C, Colebunders R, Crucitti T. The global epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis: A systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209(6):505-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.05.006.
Turovskiy Y, Noll KS, Chikindas ML. The aetiology of bacterial vaginosis. J Appl Microb. 2011;110:1105-28.
Livengood CH. Bacterial vaginosis: An overview for 2009. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;2(1):28-37.
Verstraelen H, Swidsinski A. The biofilm in bacterial vaginosis: Implications for epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2013;26:86-9.
Joesoef MR, Karundeng A, Runtupalit C, Moran JS, Lewis JS, Ryan CA. High rate of bacterial vaginosis among women with intrauterine devices in Manado, Indonesia. Contraception. 2001;64:169–72.
Bautista CT, Wurapa E, Sateren WB, Morris S, Morris S, Holling B, Sanchez JL. Bacterial vaginosis: A synthesis of literature on etiology, prevalence, risk fctor, and relationship with chlamydia and gonorrhea infection. Mil Med Res J. 2016;3(4):2-10.
Khan KJ, Shah R, Gautam M, Patil S. Clue cells. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2007;28(2):108-13.
Muzny CA, Schwebke JR. Pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis: Discussion of current hypotheses. JID. 2016;214:1-5.
Schwebke JR, Muzny CA, Josey WE. Role of Gradnerlla vaginalis in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis: a conceptual model. JID. 2014;210:338-43.
Muzny CA, Schwebke JR. Gardnerella vaginalis: Still a prime suspect in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2013;15:130-5.
Hay P. Bacterial vaginosis. Med J. 2014;42(7):349-404
Sobel JD. Bacterial vaginosis. In: Bachmann LH, ed. Sexually transmitted infection in HIV-infected adult and special population. Switzerland: Springer; 2017 .pp. 165-74
Sherrard J, Donders G, White D, Jensen JS. European (IUSTI/WHO) guideline on the management of vaginal discharge 2011. Intern J Sex Trans Dis. 2011;22:421-9.
Jain JP, Bristow CC, Pines HA, Harvey-Vera A, Rangel G, Staines H, Patterson TL, Strathdee SA. Factors in the HIV risk environment associated with bacterial vaginosis among HIV-negative female sex workers who inject drugs in the Mexico-united states border region. BMJ Public Health. 2018;18(1):1-10.
Workowski KA, Berman SM. Centers for disease control and prevention sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines. Clin Infect Dis J. 2011;53(S3):59-63.
Sobel JD. Vulvovaginal candidiasis. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE, Piot P, Wasserheit JN, Corey L, et al, editors. Sexually transmitted disease. 4th Ed. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2008 .pp. 823-38.
Hobbs MM, Sena AC, Swygard H, Schwebke JR. Trichomonas vaginalis and trichomoniasis. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE, Piot P, Wasserheit JN, Corey L, et al, editors. Sexually transmitted disease. 4th Ed. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2008 .pp. 771-93.
Tobian AAR, Kacker S, Quinn TC. Male circumcision: A globally relevant but under-utilized method for the prevention of hiv another sexually transmitted infections. Annu Rev Med. 2014;63:1-14.
Ehrstrom S, Daroczy K, Rylander E, Samuelsson C, Johannesson U, Anzen B, et al. Lactic acid bacteria colonization and clinical outcome after probiotic supplementation in conventionally treated bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Microb Infection J. 2010;12:691-9.
Mastromarino P, Vitali B, Mosca L. Bacterial vaginosis: A review on clinical trials with probiotics. J New Microb. 2013;36:229-38.
MacPhee RA, Hummelen R, Bisanz JE, Miller WL, Reid G. Probiotic strategies for the treatment and prevention of bacterial vaginosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11(18):2985-95.
Ya W, Reifer C, Miller LE. Efficacy of vaginal probiotic capsules for recurrent bacterial vaginosis: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203:1-6.
Parma M, Stella VV, Marco B, Massimo C. Probiotics in the prevention of recurrences of bacterial vaginosis. J Altern Ther Med. 2014;20(1):52-7.
Hay P. Vaginal discharge. Med J. 2018;46(6):319-24.
Hillier S, Marrazzo J, Holmes KK. Bacterial vaginosis. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE, Piot P, Wasserheit JN, Corey L, et al, editors. Sexually transmitted disease. 4th Ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2008. pp. 740-61.
Sobel JD, Ferris D, Schwebke J, Nyirjesy P, Wiensenfeld HC, Peipert J, et al. Suppressive antibacterial therapy with 0.75% metronidazole vaginal gel to prevent recurrent bacterial vaginosis. AJOG. 2006;194: 1283-9.
Hensel KJ, Randis TM, Gelber SE, Ratner AJ. Pregnancy-specific association of vitamin D deficiency and bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011;204:1-9.
Donders GG, Calsteren KV, Bellen G, Reybrouck R, Van den Bosch T, Riphagen I, et al. Predictive value for preterm birth of abnormal vaginal flora, bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis during the first trimester of pregnancy. BJOG. 2009;116:1315-24.
Mania-Pramanik J, Kerkar S, Salvi VS. Bacterial vaginosis: A cause of infertility. Inter J Sex Trans Dis. 2009;20:778–81.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
