Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak Tidak Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jaringan Tumor Payudara Tikus Rattus norvegicus Betina galur Sprague-Dawley Akibat Paparan 7,12-Dimethylbenz(α)anthracene dan Estrogen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v50i1.332Keywords:
Annona muricata Linn, daun sirsak, tumor payudaraAbstract
Pendahuluan: Sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) merupakan tanaman herbal yang dipercaya masyarakat Indonesia memiliki efek antikanker. Daun sirsak memiliki kandungan acetogenins selektif yang hanya menyerang sel kanker. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan desain posttest-only control group menggunakan 24 tikus Rattus norvegicus galur Sprague-Dawley, dibagi acak menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok tanpa perlakuan, kelompok kontrol positif (tamoxifen), kelompok kontrol negatif (DMSO 5%), kelompok perlakuan I (ekstrak daun sirsak 75 mg/kgBB), kelompok perlakuan II (ekstrak daun sirsak 150 mg/kgBB), dan kelompok perlakuan III (ekstrak daun sirsak 300 mg/kgBB). Hewan uji kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan dibuat mengidap tumor payudara dengan diinjeksi DMBA dan estrogen. Hasil: Efek hambatan ekstrak etanol daun sirsak terhadap pertumbuhan tumor payudara tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Berat tikus yang diberi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak, tidak berbeda bermakna (uji Mann-Whitney, p>0,05) dengan berat tikus kelompok tanpa perlakuan, kontrol negatif, dan kontrol positif. Simpulan: Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) tidak mempunyai daya hambat terhadap diameter, berat dan volume tumor payudara, serta tidak berefek terhadap berat tikus betina Sprague-Dawley yang mengidap tumor payudara. Introduction: Soursop (Annona muricata Linn) is an Indonesian herbal plant. Soursop leaves contain acetogenins which selectively attack cancer cells. Methods: Experimental study with a posttest-only control group design. The study used 24 Sprague-Dawley Rattus norvegicus rats, randomly divided into 6 groups: no intervention group, positive control group (tamoxifen), negative control group (5% DMSO), treatment I group (soursop leaf extract 75 mg/kgBW), treatment II group (soursop leaf extract 150 mg/kgBW), and treatment III group (soursop leaf extract 300 mg/kgBW). All subjects were induced to have breast tumors by DMBA and estrogen injection. Results: Ethanol extract of soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn) has no significant effect (p> 0.05) on inhibiting breast tumor growth. The weight of rats in soursop leaf ethanol extract group had no significant difference as compared with the any intervention, negative control, and positive control group (Mann-Whitney test, p > 0.05). Conclusion: The ethanol extract of soursop leaves has no inhibitory effect on breast tumor’s diameter, weight, and volume; also has no effect on the weight of Sprague-Dawley female rats with breast tumors
Downloads
References
Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins basic pathology. 9th ed. Canada: Elsevier Saunders; 2013.
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Hasil utama Riskesdas 2018 [Internet]. 2018. Available from: http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/info-terkini/materi_rakorpop_2018/Hasil Riskesdas 2018.pdf
Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Ca Cancer J Clin. 2018;68:394–424.
Ismail. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat memilih obat tradisional di Gampong Lam Ujong. Idea Nurs J. 2015;VI(1):7–14.
Prayitno A, Artanti A, Dewangga V, Abdullah I, Hartati M, Fitria M, et al. Tetrahydrofurane is a component of annona muricata leaf will induce apoptosis program in cancer cell because the virus: A proxy for cancer treatment. Immunome Res [Internet]. 2016;12(2). Available from: https://www.omicsonline.com/open-access/tetrahydrofurane-is-a-component-of-annona-muricata-leaf-will-induceapoptosis-program-in-cancer-cell-because-the-virus-a-proxy-for-1745-7580-10000120.php?aid=78925
Gavamukulya Y, Wamunyokoli F, El-Shemy HA. Annona muricata: Is the natural therapy to most disease conditions including cancer growing in our backyard? A systematic review of its research history and future prospects. Asian Pac J Trop Med [Internet]. 2017;10(9):835–48. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.08.009
Ryan AM, Power DG, Daly L, Cushen SJ, Ní Bhuachalla E, Prado CM. Cancer-associated malnutrition, cachexia and sarcopenia: The skeleton in the hospital closet 40 years later. Proc Nutr Soc. 2016;75(2):199–211.
Berriel E, Russo S, Monin L, Festari MF, Berois N, Fernández G, et al. Antitumor activity of human hydatid cyst fluid in a murine model of colon cancer. Sci World J. 2013;2013:230176. doi: 10.1155/2013/230176..
Kerdelhué B, Forest C, Coumoul X. Dimethyl-Benz(a)anthracene: A mammary carcinogen and a neuroendocrine disruptor. Biochimie Open 2016;3:49–55.
Jerry DJ, Shull JD, Hadsell DL, Rijnkels M, Dunphy KA, Schneider SS, et al. Genetic variation in sensitivity to estrogens and breast cancer risk. Mamm Genome 2018;29(1–2):24–37.
Fukumasu H, Rangel MMM, Dagli MLZ, Tedardi MV, Oliveira KD De, Avanzo GU, et al. Chemical carcinogenesis by DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene) in female BALB/c mice: new facts. Brazilian J Vet Res Anim Sci. 2015;52(2):125–33.
Arroyo-Acevedo J, Chávez-Asmat RJ, Anampa-Guzmán A, Donaires R, Ráez-Gonzáles J. Protective effect of piper aduncum capsule on DMBA-induced breast cancer in rats. Breast Cancer Basic Clin Res. 2015;9:41–8.
Najmuddin SUFS, Romli MF, Hamid M, Alitheen NB, Rahman NMAN. Anti-cancer effect of annona muricata linn leaves crude extract (AMCE) on breast cancer cell line. BMC Complement Altern Med [Internet]. 2016;16:311. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1290-y
Hussaana A, Djam Q, Goenarwo E. Ekstrak daun sirsak (annona muricata) sebagai penghambat perkembangan tumor payudara. J Farm Sains Terapi. 2015;2(2):41–4.
Vagenas D, DiSipio T, Battistutta D, Demark-Wahnefried W, Rye S, Bashford J, et al. Weight and weight change following breast cancer: Evidence from a prospective, population-based, breast cancer cohort study. BMC Cancer 2015;15(1):1–9.
Habsari A, Pradigdo SF, Aruben R. Hubungan beberapa faktor gizi dan kemoterapi dengan status gizi penderita kanker (studi kasus di instalasi rawat jalan poli onkologi rsud dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro kabupaten Sragen tahun 2017). J Kes Masy. 2017;5(4):593–9.
Susetyowati, Pangastuti R, Dwidanarti SR, Wulandari H. Asupan makan, status gizi, dan kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara di RSUP DR Sardjito Yogyakarta. J Gizi Klin Indones. 2018;14(4):146.
Marischa S, Anggraini DI, Putri GT. Malnutrisi pada pasien kanker. J Medula. 2017;7(4):107–11.
Playdon MC, Bracken MB, Sanft TB, Ligibel JA, Harrigan M, Irwin ML. Weight gain after breast cancer diagnosis and all-cause mortality: Systematic review and metaanalysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015;107(12):djv275.
Berg MMGA, Winkels RM, Kruif JTCM, Laarhoven HWM, Visser M, Vries JHM, et al. Weight change during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: A meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2017;17(1).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
