Tinjauan Antivirus untuk Terapi COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i5.376Keywords:
Antivirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2Abstract
COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh coronavirus baru yang disebut SARS-CoV-2. Pada 11 Maret 2020, WHO mendeklarasikan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi global. Beberapa jenis antivirus diteliti potensinya sebagai terapi untuk COVID-19, di antaranya: oseltamivir, favipiravir, remdesivir, lopinavir+ritonavir, atazanavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir, tipranavir, darunavir, umifenovir, dan baloxavir.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. On March 11, 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Several types of antivirals have been investigated for their potential as therapies for COVID-19, including: oseltamivir, favipiravir, remdesivir, lopinavir+ritonavir, atazanavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir, tipranavir, darunavir, umifenovir, dan baloxavir.
Downloads
References
WHO. Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novelcoronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen
CDC. Coronavirus (COVID-19) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html
WHO. Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses.
Bergman SJ. Treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Investigational drugs and other therapies [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2500116-overview#a5
Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI), Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia (PERKI), Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia (PAPDI), Perhimpunan Dokter Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif Indonesia (PERDATIN), Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI). Protokol tatalaksana COVID-19. 2020
Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. Tiamin (vitamin B1) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: http://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/tiamin-vitamin-b1
ASHP. Assessment of evidence for COVID-19-related treatments: Updated 5/21/2020. 2020
USFDA. Remdesivir EUA letter of authorization [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 3]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/media/137564/download
Gilead Sciences. Gilead announces approval of veklury® (remdesivir) in Japan for patients with severe COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://www.gilead.com/news-and-press/press-room/press-releases/2020/5/gilead-announces-approval-of-veklury-remdesivir-in-japan-for-patients-with-severecovid19
Medscape. Remdesivir [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 3]. Available from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/remdesivir-4000090
Lu H. Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Biosci Trends. 2020;14:69–71. PMID: 31996494 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2020.01020
Tan EL, Ooi EE, Lin CY, Tan HC, Ling AE, Lim B, et al. Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:58–6.
Rossa V. Ini alasan PDPI rekomendasikan tamiflu sebagai obat Covid-19 di Indonesia [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 3]. Available from: https://www.suara.com/health/2020/04/03/095805/ini-alasan-pdpi-rekomendasikan-tamiflu-sebagai-obat-covid-19-di-indonesia
Pharmaceutical Technology. China approves first anti-viral drug against coronavirus Covid-19. Last updated: 2020 February 18 [cited 2020 February 21]. Available from: https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/china-approves-favilavir-covid-19/
Du YX, Chen XP. Favipiravir: Pharmacokinetics and concerns about clinical trials for 2019-nCoV infection. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020.
Chen C, Zhang Y, Huang J, Cheng Z, Wu J, Chen S et al. Favipiravir versus arbidol for COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. medRxiv. 2020. Preprint (not peer reviewed). DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.17.20037432
Cai Q, Yang M, Liu D, Chen J, Shua D, Xia J, et al. Experimental treatment with favipiravir for COVID-19: An open-label control study. Engineering (Beijing). 2020.
Choy KT, Wong AYL, Kaewpreedee P, Sia SF, Chen D, Hui KPY, et al. Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro.
Antivir Res. 2020 Apr 3; 178 [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 32251767 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104786.
Gordon CJ, Tshesnokov EP, Woolner E, Perry JK, Feng JYm, Porter DP et al. Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency. J Biol Chem. 2020 Apr 13 [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 32284326 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.013679
Williamson BN, Feldmann F, Schwarz B, Meade-White K, Porter DP, Schulz J, et al. Clinical benefit of remdesivir in rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2. Preprint. (not peer reviewed). https:// doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.15.043166.
Wang Y, Zhang D, Du G, Du R, Zhao J, Jin Y, et al. Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2020; Apr 9. Epub.
National Institutes of Health. NIH clinical trial shows remdesivir accelerates recovery from advanced COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/ news-releases/nih-clinical-trial-shows-remdesivir-accelerates-recovery-advanced-covid-19.
Gilead Sciences. Gilead announces results from phase 3 trial of investigational antiviral remdesivir in patients with severe COVID-19. Press release [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https:// www.gilead.com/news-and-press/press-room/press-releases/2020/4/gilead-announces-results-from-phase-3-trial-ofinvestigational-antiviral-remdesivir-in-patients-with-severe-covid-19.
Grein J, Ohmagari N, Shin D, Diaz G, Asperges E, Castagna A, et al. Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020. Epub. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007016.
Chu CM, Cheng VC, Hung IF, Wong MML, Chan KH, Chan KS, et al. Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: Initial virological and clinical findings. Thorax. 2004;59:252-6.
Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, Liu W, Wang J, Fan G, et al. A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001282
Huang M, Tang T, Pang P, Li M, Ma R, Lu J, et al. Treating COVID-19 with chloroquine. J Mol Cell Biol. 2020;12(4):322-5.
Hung IF, Lung KC, Tso EY, Liu R, Chung TW, Chu MY, et al. Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomized, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020 May 8.
Fintelman-Rodrigues N, Sacramento CQ, Lima CR, Silva FS da, Ferreira AC, Mattos M, et al. Atazanavir inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. bioRxiv. 2020. Preprint (not peer reviewed). DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.04.020925.
Yamamoto N, Matsuyam S, Hoshino T, Yamamoto N. Nelfinavir inhibits replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in vitro. bioRxiv [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.06.026476v1
De Meyer S, Bojkova D, Cinati J, Damme E van, Buyck C, Loock M van, et al. Lack of antiviral activity of darunavir against SARS-CoV-2. 2020. medRxiv [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.03.20052548v1.full.pdf
Johnson & Johnson. Lack of evidence to support use of darunavir-based treatments for SARS-CoV-2. From Johnson & Johnson website [Internet]. 2020 Apr 9. Available from: https:// www.jnj.com/lack-of-evidence-to-support-darunavir-based-hiv-treatments-for-coronavirus.
Blaising J, Polyak SJ, Pecheur EI. Arbidol as a broad-spectrum antiviral: An update. Antiviral Res. 2014;107:88-94.
National Health Commission (NHC) & State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Trial Version 7). Diagnosis and treatment protocol for novel coronavirus pneumonia [Internet]. Available from: http://busan. china-consulate.org/chn/zt/4/P020200310548447287942.pdf
Zhu Z, Lu Z, Xu T, et al. Arbidol monotherapy is superior to lopinavir/ritonavir in treating COVID-19. J Infect. 2020;81(1):21-3.
Deng L, Li C, Zeng Q, Liu X, Li X, Zhang H, Hong Z et al. Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against Corona Virus Disease 2019: A retrospective cohort study. J Infect. 2020;81(1):1-5.
Lian N, Xie H, Lin S, Huang J, Zhao J, Lin Q, et al. Umifenovir treatment is not associated with improved outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A retrospective study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;1198-743X(20)30234-2.
Li Y, Xie Z, Lin W, Cai W, Wen C, Guan Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir or arbidol in adult patients with mild/moderate COVID-19: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. Med J [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666634020300015
CDC. Influenza antiviral drug baloxavir marboxil. [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 May 26]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/treatment/baloxavir-marboxil.htm
Lou Y, Liu L, Yao H. Clinical outcomes and plasma concentrations of baloxavir marboxil and favipiravir in COVID-19 patients: An exploratory randomized, controlled trial. medRxiv [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.29.20085761v1
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.