Teknik Diagnostik dan Staging Melanoma Maligna Kutaneus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i8.579Keywords:
Diagnosis, melanoma kutaneus, stagingAbstract
Melanoma maligna merupakan keganasan pada sel-sel penghasil pigmen (melanosit) yang lokasinya terutama di kulit. Tujuan setiap alat diagnostik adalah deteksi dini dan membedakan lesi jinak dan ganas, dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas tinggi. Diagnosis melanoma klinis dapat menggunakan Glasgow 7-point checklist, checklist ABCD, total-body photography, dan dermoskopi. Diagnosis histopatologi merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas untuk diagnosis. Diagnosis molekuler dengan menilai status mutasi BRAF V600, MEK, NRAS, dan CKIT. Sedangkan teknik staging TNM menggunakan modalitas pencitraan lanjutan dengan kontras intravena, seperti computed tomography (CT) atau fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-based positron emission tomography (PET) CT scan, dan pemeriksaan sentinel nodus lymphatic.
Malignant melanoma is a malignancy in pigments producing cells (melanocytes), located mainly in the skin. The aim of each diagnostic tool is early detection and differentiating benign and malignant lesions with high sensitivity and specificity. Clinical diagnosis can use the Glasgow 7-point checklist, ABCD checklist, total-body photography, and dermoscopy. Histopathological examination is a gold standard for diagnosis. Molecular diagnosis is done by assessing the status of mutations of BRAF V600, MEK, NRAS, and CKIT. Diagnostic techniques in melanoma TNM staging system use advanced imaging modalities with intravenous contrast, such as computed tomography (CT) or fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-based positron emission tomography (PET) CT scans and examination of sentinel lymphatic lymph nodes.
Downloads
References
Arrangoiz R, Dorantes J, Cordera F, Juarez MM, Paquentin EM, León EL. Melanoma review: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and staging. cancer treatment r es. 2016; 4(1):1-15.
Eggermont AMM, Spatz A, Robert C. Cutaneous melanoma. Lancet 2014;383:816–27.
Azimi F, Scolyer RA, Rumcheva P, Moncrieff M, Murali R, McCarthy SW, et al. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte grade is an independent predictor of sentinel lymph node status and survival in patients with cutaneous melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2012; 30(21): 2678-83.
Paek S, Sober AJ, Tsao H, Mihm MC, Johnson TM. Cutaneous melanoma. In: Wolff K, GoldSmith LS, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leff el DJ, eds. Fitzpatrick’s dermatology in general medicine. 7th ed. New York: McGraw Hill Co; 2008:1134-57.
McCourt C, Dolan O, Gormley G. Malignant melanoma: A pictorial review. Ulster Med J, 2014; 83(2):103-10.
Garbe C, Peris K, Hauschild A, Saiag P, Middleton M, Spatz A, Grob JJ, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline-Update 2012. Eur J Cancer 2012 ;48:2375–90.
Karim-Kos HE, de Vries E, Soerjomataram I, Lemmens V, Siesling S, Coebergh JWW. Recent trends of cancer in Europe: A combined approach of incidence, survival and mortality for 17 cancer sites since the 1990s. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44: 1345–89.
Coit DG, Andtbacka R, Anker CJ, Bichakjian CK, Carson WE, Daud A, et al. Melanoma clinical practice guidelines in oncology. JNCCN 2012; 10(3):366-400.
Levine SM, Shapiro RL. Surgical treatment of malignant melanoma-practical guidelines. Dermatol Clin. 2012; 30: 487–501.
Wong SL, Balch CM, Hurley P, Agarwala SS, Akhurst TJ, Cochran A, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for melanoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2012; 30(23): 2912-18.
Morton DL, Thompson JF, Cochran AJ, et al: Sentinel-node biopsy or nodal observation in melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2006; 355:1307-17.
Amersi F, Morton DL. The role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of melanoma. Adv Surg. 2007;41:241-56.
Cobben DCP, Koopal S, Tiebosch ATMG, Jager PL, Elsinga PH, Wobbes Th, et al. New diagnostic techniques in staging in the surgical treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma. EJSO. 2002; 28:692-700.
Danielsen M, Højgaard M, Kjær A, Fischer BMB. Positron emission tomography in the follow-up of cutaneous malignant melanoma patients:a systematic review. Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014;4(1):17-28.
Pflgfelder A, Kochs C, Blum A, Capellaro M, Czeschik C, Dettenborn T, et al. Malignant melanoma S3-guideline diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of melanoma. JDDG. 2013; 11(6):1-116
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
