Meningitis Kriptokokus pada Penderita HIV

Authors

  • Meiliyana Wijaya Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v48i1.25

Keywords:

HIV, meningitis kriptokokus

Abstract

Meningitis kriptokokus (MK) merupakan salah satu bentuk infeksi oportunistik pada penderita HIV yang memiliki tingkat mortalitas tinggi. Infeksi jamur ini didapat dari inhalasi spora Cryptococcus yang ada di alam dan selanjutnya berkolonisasi di paru. Pada individu yang mengalami penurunan imunitas seluler seperti penderita HIV, jamur ini dapat berdiseminasi secara hematogen terutama ke sistem saraf pusat. Saat ini, diagnosis pasti kriptokokosis dapat mengandalkan hasil tes antigen Cryptococcus dari cairan serebrospinal dan darah. Prinsip pemberian antijamur pada pasien MK dengan HIV terdiri dari 3 fase, yakni: induksi, konsolidasi, dan pemeliharaan. Selain itu, perlu penundaan pemberian obat antiretroviral saat pemberian terapi antijamur MK.

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is an opportunistic infection in people with HIV, with a high mortality rate. This fungus infection is acquired from inhalation of Cryptococcus spores that exist in nature and then colonizes in the lungs. In individuals with decreased cellular immunity such as HIV, this fungus can cause hematogenous dissemination primarily to the central nervous system. Currently, definitive diagnosis of cryptococcosis can rely on the results of the Cryptococcus antigens test from cerebrospinal fluid and blood. The principle of antifungal administration in CM patients with HIV consists of 3 phases: induction, consolidation, and maintenance. It is also necessary to delay the administration of antiretroviral drugs while administering CM antifungal therapy.

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Published

03-01-2021

How to Cite

Wijaya, M. (2021). Meningitis Kriptokokus pada Penderita HIV. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 48(1), 8–11. https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v48i1.25