Riwayat Merokok sebagai Prediktor Mortalitas Pasien Karsinoma Hepatoseluler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v49i8.273Keywords:
Karsinoma hepatoseluler, merokok, mortalitasAbstract
Kanker hati atau karsinoma hepatoseluler menempati urutan ke-5 kanker terbanyak di Indonesia. Data Riskesdas 2018 menunjukkan prevalensi perokok di Indonesia sebesar 33,8% dan merokok banyak dikaitkan dengan berbagai komplikasi dan peningkatan angka kematian berbagai penyakit. Tinjauan ini merupakan laporan kasus berbasis bukti untuk melihat mortalitas pasien karsinoma hepatoseluler yang memiliki riwayat perokok. Pencarian artikel dari 4 database, yakni Pubmed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, dan Scopus dengan kata kunci “((Hepatocellular carcinoma) AND (Smoking) AND (Mortality))” dilakukan dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi; telaah kritis berdasarkan panduan untuk studi prognosis. Didapatkan 1 studi prognosis mortalitas pasien karsinoma hepatoseluler dengan riwayat merokok yang telah menjalani telaah kritis dan dapat dinyatakan sebagai studi yang valid, penting, dan aplikatif. Studi tersebut merupakan systematic review dan meta-analisis dengan OR 1,20 (95% CI 1,03-1,40). Riwayat merokok dengan frekuensi minimal 20 batang/hari selama 1 tahun akan meningkatkan risiko mortalitas pasien karsinoma hepatoseluler sebesar 1,2 kali dibandingkan pasien karsinoma hepatoseluler tanpa riwayat merokok.
Liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma ranks as the fifth most frequent cancer in Indonesia. Riskesdas 2018 data shows that the prevalence of smokers in Indonesia is 33.8%; and smoking is widely associated with various disease complications, including mortality rate increase for various diseases. This review was an evidence-based case report on the mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with smoking history. An article search was conducted based on 4 databases: Pubmed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Scopus using the keywords “((Hepatocellular carcinoma) AND (Smoking) AND (Mortality))” according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and based on guidelines for prognosis studies. History of smoking with a frequency of at least 20 cigarettes/ day for 1 year will increase the risk of mortality by 1.2 times in hepatocellular carcinoma patients compared to hepatocellular carcinoma patients without a history of smoking.
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