Diagnosis dan Terapi Skabies

Abstract

Skabies merupakan penyakit kulit yang disebabkan parasit Sarcoptes scabiei varietas hominis. Penyakit ini sering diabaikan, sehingga menjadi salah satu masalah di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Gejala klinisnya adalah rasa gatal akibat respons alergi tubuh terhadap tungau terutama di kulit dengan stratum korneum tipis. Diagnosis berdasarkan dua dari empat tanda kardinal skabies. Diagnosis banding skabies terdiri dari gigitan serangga, infeksi (bakteri, virus, atau jamur), dermatitis, dan reaksi imun. Kerusakan epidermis akibat infeksi skabies mempermudah komplikasi infeksi sekunder bakteri. Tatalaksana terapi simptomatik untuk rasa gatal, dapat berupa agen topikal atau oral, serta beberapa modalitas terapi terbaru yang masih dikembangkan seperti tea tree oil dan vaksinasi.

Scabies is a skin disease caused by a parasite Sarcoptes scabiei hominis. It is easily ignored and has become problem in the world, including in Indonesia. Clinical symptoms are itch due to the allergic response to mites especially on a thin stratum corneum. Diagnosis is made with presence of two out of four cardinal signs of scabies. Differential diagnosis of scabies includes insect bites, infection (bacteria, virus, or fungi), dermatitis, and immune reactions. Damage on epidermis could lead to complication such as bacterial secondary infection. Management consists of symptomatic treatment for itch, oral and topical medications. Latest treatment modalities such as tree oil and vaccination are still being developed.