Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Polisitemia Vera
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i5.377Keywords:
Eritrosit, JAK2, polisitemiaAbstract
Polisitemia vera (PV) termasuk kelompok neoplasma mieloproliferatif yang ditandai dengan peningkatan hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan massa sel darah merah. Penyebab utama polisitemia vera adalah mutasi gen pada JAK2, yang mempengaruhi aktivitas sel punca hematopoietik dalam memproduksi eritrosit. Diagnosis berdasarkan kriteria WHO. Terapi bertujuan untuk mencegah komplikasi trombosis dan perdarahan, terdiri dari plebotomi, antiplatelet, dan sitoreduksi. Semua pasien PV membutuhkan plebotomi untuk menjaga tingkat hematokrit, serta aspirin untuk mengurangi risiko trombosis. Obat sitoreduksi hidroksiurea sebagai terapi lini pertama digunakan pada kasus PV berisiko tinggi.
Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by an increase in hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cells. The main cause is a gene mutation in JAK2, which affects the activity of producing erythrocytes in hematopoietic stem cells. Diagnosis is based on WHO diagnostic criteria. Therapy aims to prevent complications from thrombosis and bleeding, consisting of phlebotomy, antiplatelet drugs, and cytoreduction. All PV patients need a phlebotomy to maintain hematocrit levels, and aspirin to reduce the risk of thrombosis. Cytoreduction drugs with hydroxyurea as first-line are used high-risk PV.
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