Oftalmopati Graves: Patofisiologi, Diagnosis, dan Manajemen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v51i4.1059Kata Kunci:
Inflamasi, jaringan orbita, oftalmopati Graves, penyakit autoimun tiroidAbstrak
Oftalmopati Graves (OG) merupakan penyakit inflamasi jaringan orbita yang terkait dengan penyakit autoimun tiroid. Interaksi kompleks dari faktor endogen (tidak dapat dimodifikasi) dan eksogen atau lingkungan (dapat dimodifikasi) diketahui memicu terjadinya OG. OG dapat memberikan dampak negatif pada kualitas hidup pasien, baik fisik maupun psikososial, dan menjadi beban biaya kesehatan masyarakat. Diagnosis, tata laksana dini, dan rujukan segera ke spesialis terkait sangat penting untuk mencegah progresivitas penyakit.
Unduhan
Referensi
Subekti I, Soewondo P, Soebardi S, Darmowidjojo B, Harbuwono DS, Purnamasari D, et al. Practical guidelines management of Graves ophthalmopathy [Internet]. Acta Medica Indonesiana 2023;51(4):36471.
Korn BS. 2021-2022 Basic and clinical science course, section 7: Oculofacial plastic and orbital surgery. In: Rapuano CJ, Stout J, McCannel C, editors. American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2021.
Bartalena L, Kahaly GJ, Baldeschi L, Dayan CM, Eckstein A, Marcocci C, et al. The 2021 European Group on Graves’ orbitopathy (EUGOGO) clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves’ orbitopathy. Eur J Endocrinol 2021;185:43–67.
Burch HB, Perros P, Bednarczuk T, Cooper DS, Dolman PJ, Leung AM, et al. Management of thyroid eye disease: A consensus statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association. Eur Thyroid J. 2022;11(6):e220189. DOI: 10.1530/ETJ-22-0189.
Irawati Y, Juhrie DM, Paramita C, Siswoyo D, Suharko H, Pramono LA. Sight-threatening condition in severe thyroid eye disease: How we should manage. Acta Med Indones. 2022 Jan;54(1):124-30.
Bartalena L, Piantanida E, Gallo D, Lai A, Tanda ML. Epidemiology, natural history, risk factors, and prevention of Graves’ orbitopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020 Nov 30:11:615993. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.615993.
Subekti I. Oftalmopati Graves: Perbandingan karakterisitik klinis, kadar hormon, dan kadar antibodi reseptor TSH. eJKI. 2018;6:33–8.
Hartomuljono C, Nusanti S. Evaluasi 97 pasien oftalmopati Graves’ selama 3 tahun menggunakan algoritma eugogo dan konsensus nasional [Internet]. [cited 2023 Sept 11]. Available from: https://perdami.or.id/ophthalmologica/journal/article/view/100305.
Bartalena L, Tanda ML. Current concepts regarding Graves’ orbitopathy. J Intern Med 2022;292:692–716.
Yu CY, Ford RL, Wester ST, Shriver EM. Update on thyroid eye disease: Regional variations in prevalence, diagnosis, and management. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022;70:2335–45.
Rashad R, Pinto R, Li E, Li E, Sohrab M, Distefano AG. Thyroid eye disease. Life 2022;12(12):2084.
Yoon J, Kikkawa D. Thyroid eye disease: From pathogenesis to targeted therapies. Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2022;12:3–11.
Pelewicz-Sowa M, Miśkiewicz P. Dysthyroid optic neuropathy: Emerging treatment strategies. J Endocrinol Investig. 2023;46:1305–16.
Djunaedi LA, Iskandar F, Kuswidyati C. Selenium sebagai terapi oftalmopati Graves derajat ringan tinjauan pustaka. J Indon Med Assoc. 2019;69:290–95.
Huang X, Tang W, Shen Y, He L, Tong F, Liu S, et al. The significance of ophthalmological features in diagnosis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Biomed Eng Online 2023;22:7. DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01073-3.
Munandar MA. Hubungan clinical activity score dengan NOSPECS pada pasien thyroid-associated orbitopathy [Thesis]. 2022 [cited 2023 Sep 11]. Available from: https://perpustakaanrsmcicendo.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Tesis-dr-Arief.pdf.
Hall AJH, Topliss DJ. Medical and surgical treatment of thyroid eye disease. Intern Med J 2022;52:14–20
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2024 Meri Estivo Sihombing, Nikolaus Lizu Tallo
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
