Efek Neurologis Hiperkalemia dan Hipokalemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v50i10.1077Kata Kunci:
Hiperkalemia, hipokalemia, kaliumAbstrak
Gangguan elektrolit dapat mengganggu keseimbangan fungsi tubuh manusia. Kalium merupakan ion tubuh yang dominan intrasel, kekurangan (hipokalemia) dan kelebihan (hiperkalemia) kalium dapat menimbulkan gejala terutama kardiovaskular dan neuromuskular. Tatalaksana terfokus pada perbaikan kalium serum disertai pemantauan elektrokardiografi berkala. Implikasi hipokalemia dan hiperkalemia tidak boleh dianggap ringan, terutama pada populasi lansia. Keterlibatan sistem saraf pusat masih belum diketahui pasti.
Unduhan
Referensi
Timerga A, Kelta E, Kenenisa C, Zawdie B, Habte A, Haile K. Serum electrolytes disorder and its associated factors among adults admitted with metabolic syndrome in Jimma Medical Center, South West Ethiopia: Facility based crossectional study. PloS One 2020;15(11):e0241486.
Balcı AK, Koksal O, Kose A, Armagan E, Ozdemir F, Inal T, et al. General characteristics of patients with electrolyte imbalance admitted to emergency department. World J Emerg Med. 2013;4(2):113–6.
Bak A, Tsiami A. Review on mechanisms, importance of homeostasis and fluid imbalances in the elderly. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci. 2016;4(S3):1-7.
Mtui E, Gruener G, Dockery P. Fitzgerald’s clinical neuroanatomy and neuroscience. Vancouver BC: Langara College; 2023.
Oktari W, Deli H, Hasneli Y. Gambaran status elektrolit pasien yang dirawat di intensive care unit (ICU). LINK. 2021;17(1):14-21.
Espay AJ. Neurologic complications of electrolyte disturbances and acid–base balance. Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2014;119:365-82.
Palmer BF, Clegg DJ. Physiology and pathophysiology of potassium homeostasis. Advances in Physiology Education 2016;40(4):480–90. doi:10.1152/advan.00121.2016
Zacchia M, Abategiovanni ML, Stratigis S, Capasso G. Potassium: From physiology to clinical implications. Kidney Dis. 2016;2(2):72-9.
Sharif S, Tang J. Potassium in human health. Potassium derangements: A pathophysiological review, diagnostic approach, and clinical management. InTechOpen; 2022 .p. 33.
Cheng CJ, Kuo E, Huang CL. Extracellular potassium homeostasis: Insights from hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Seminars in Nephrology 2013;33(3):237–47.
Pohl HR, Wheeler JS, Murray HE. Sodium and potassium in health and disease. Met Ions Life Sci. 2013;13:29-47. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-7500-8_2.
Makuch M, Tuzim K. Hyperkalemia - A review article. J Education Health and Sport. 2019;9(7):167-77.
Stadt MM, Leete J, Devinyak S, Layton AT. A mathematical model of potassium homeostasis: Effect of feedforward and feedback controls. PLOS Computational Biol. 2022;18(12):e1010607.
Gumz ML, Rabinowitz L, Wingo CS. An integrated view of potassium homeostasis. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(1):60-72.
Reddi AS. Fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorders. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2018 .p. 391-401.
Hauser S, Josephson S. Harrison’s neurology in clinical medicine. 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill Education; 2013.
Kardalas E, Paschou SA, Anagnostis P, Muscogiuri G, Siasos G, Vryonidou A. Hypokalemia: A clinical update. Endocrine Connections 2018;7(4):135.
Udensi UK, Tchounwou PB. Potassium homeostasis, oxidative stress, and human disease. Internat J Clin Experimental Physiol. 2017;4(3):111.
Theisen-Toupal J. Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia. An issue of Hospital Medicine Clinics. 2014;4(1):34.
Yudhawati NM, Adnyani NM, Nugraha IB, Gotera W. Case report: A patient with suspicious of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. J Med Health. 2022;4(1):71-83
Nathania M. Hipokalemia–Diagnosis dan tatalaksana. CDK. 2019;46(2):103-8
Sur M, Mohiuddin SS. Potassium. StatPearls Publishing; 2022
Weber F, Lehmann-Horn F. Hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Seattle: Europe PMC; 2018.
Jordan M, Caesar J. Hypokalaemia: Improving the investigation, management and therapeutic monitoring of hypokalaemic medical inpatients at a district general hospital. BMJ Open Quality 2015;4(1):u209049-w3670.
Greenberg D. Lange clinical neurology. 11th Ed. McGraw-Hill Education; 2020.
Sekhon DS, Gupta V. Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis. Seattle: Europe PMC; 2020.
Bahrami Z, Salimi M, Ostovan VR. Severe hyperkalemia masquerading as acute ischemic stroke: A case report. Iran J Med Sci. 2022;47(6):608-11.
Clase CM, Carrero JJ, Ellison DH, Grams ME, Hemmelgarn BR, Jardine MJ, et al. Potassium homeostasis and management of dyskalemia in kidney diseases: Conclusions from a kidney disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference. Kidney Internat. 2020;97(1):42-61.
Teo G. Diagnosis dan tatalaksana kegawatdaruratan hiperkalemia. CDK. 2021;48(8):305-10.
Eleanor Lederer M. Hypokalemia. Medscape [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 May 23]. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/242008-overview#a2.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2023 Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
