Manifestasi Kulit Terkait Defisiensi Nutrisi pada Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v48i10.137Kata Kunci:
defisiensi nutrisi, anak, manifestasi kulitAbstrak
Manifestasi kulit dapat menjadi gejala dan tanda awal defisiensi nutrisi pada anak. Defisiensi nutrisi tersebut antara lain malnutrisi protein energi, defisiensi asam lemak esensial, defisiensi vitamin A, pellagra, defisiensi kobalamin, scurvy, dan defisiensi zink. Beberapa malnutrisi dapat memberikan gejala kulit cukup khas dan terkadang tumpang tindih. Gejala kulit awal pada defisiensi nutrisi anak dapat didiagnosis dini, sehingga dapat segera diberi tatalaksana suplementasi yang tepat untuk mencegah komplikasi yang lebih berat.
Skin manifestations can be an early symptom and sign of nutritional deficiency in children. Such nutritional deficiencies include energy protein malnutrition, essential fatty acid deficiency, vitamin A deficiency, pellagra, cobalamin deficiency, scurvy, and zinc deficiency. Some malnutritions can provide quite typical and sometimes overlapping skin symptoms. Early skin symptoms in a child’s nutritional deficiency can be diagnosed early and immediately given appropriate supplementation procedures to prevent more severe complications.
Unduhan
Referensi
Lekwuttikarn R, Teng JMC. Cutaneous manifestations of nutritional deficiency. Dermatology. 2018;20(01):1-9.
Kuntari T, Jamil NA, Sunarto, Kurniati O. Faktor risiko malnutrisi pada balita. J Kes Mas Nasional. 2013;7(12):572-6.
Weissman K. Nutrition and the skin. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Morris AAM, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s textbook of dermatology. England: Blackwell; 2010 .p. 58-81.
Lee LW, Yan AC. Skin manifestations of nutritional deficiency disease in children: Modern day contexts. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51:1407-18.
Zaidi Z. Cutaneous manifestations of malnutrition. In: Zaidi Z, Hussain K, Sudhakaran S, editors. Treatment of skin disease. Switzerland: Springer; 2019 .p. 433-53.
Heilskov S, Vestergaard C, Babirekere E, Ritz C, Namusoke H, Rytter M, et al. Characterization and scoring of skin changes in severe acute malnutrition in children between 6 months and 5 years of age. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29:2463-9.
Mc Kinster CD, Orozco-Covorrubias L. Skin manifestations of nutritional disorders. In: Hoeger P, Kinsler V, Albert Y, editors. Harper’s textbook of pediatric dermatology. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons; 2020 .p. 831-40
Heilskov S, Rytter MJH, Vestergaard C, Briend A, Babirekere E, Deleuran MS. Dermatosis in children with oedematous malnutrition (kwashiorkor): Review of the literature. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28:995-2001.
McKenzie CA, Wakamatsu K, Hanchard NA, Forrester T, Ito S. Childhood malnutrition is associated with a reduction in the total melanin content of scalp hair. Br J Nutr. 2007;98(1):159–64.
Finner AM. Nutrition and hair: Deficiencies and supplements. Dermatol Clin. 2013;31: 167–72.
Ragunatha S, Kumar VJ, Murugesh SB. A clinical study of 125 patients with phrynoderma. Indian J Dermatol. 2011;56(4):389-92.
Babilas P. Nutritional diseases. In: Plewig G, editor. Braun-Falco’s dermatology. Germany: Springer; 2020 .p. 1-14
Hegyi J, Schwartz RA, Hegyi V. Pellagra: Dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea. Int J Dermatol. 2004;43:1–5.
Yan AC, Jen MV. Skin signs of pediatric nutritional disorders. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesce Health Care. 2012;42:212-7.
Maltos AL, Portari GV, Moraes GV, Monteiro MCR, Vannucchi H, Cunha DF. Niacin metabolism and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activation in malnourished patients with flaky paint dermatitis. Nutrition 2013;31:890-2.
Kaur S, Goraya JS. Dermatologic findings of vitamin B12 deficiency in infants. Pediatr Dermatol. 2018;4:1-4.
Demir N, Koc A, Ustyol L, Peker E, Abuhandan M. Clinical and neurological finding of severe vitamin B12 deficiency in infancy and importance of early diagnosis and treatment. J Paed Child Health 2013;49:820-4.
Okur M, Ozkan A, Gunes C, Kaya M, Kocabay K. A case of isolated thrombocytopenia due to cobalamine deficiency. Int J Hematol. 2011;32:488-90.
Agarwal A, Shaharyar A, Kumar A. Scurvy in pediatric age group–a disease often forgotten? J Clin Orthop Trauma 2015;6:101–7.
Dey F, Moller A, Matthes BK, Willbrand JF, Krombach GA, Neubauer B, et al. Reduced platelet aggregation in boy with scurvy. Cleve Clin J Med. 2016;83(10):731-9.
Miller SJ. Nutritional deficiency and the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;21:1-30.
Golriz F, Donnelly LF, Devaraj S, Krishnamurthy R. Modern American scurvy-experience with vitamin C deficiency at a large children’s hospital. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47:214–20.
DiBaise M, Tarleton SM. Hair, nails and skin: Differentiating cutaneous manifestations of micronutrient deficiency. Nutr Clin Pract. 2019;34(4):490-501.
Ogawa Y, Kawamura T, Shimada S. Zinc and skin biology. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2016;6(11):113–9.
Kambe T, Fukue K, Ishida R, Miyazaki S. Overview of inherited zinc deficiency in infants and children. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 2015;61(1):44–6.
Gehrig KA, Dinulos JGH. Acrodermatitis due to nutritional deficiency. Curr Opin Paed. 2010;22:107-12.
Corbo MD, Lam J. Zinc deficiency and its management in the pediatric population: A literature review and proposed etiologic classification. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69:616 –24.
Glutsch V, Hamm H, Goebeler M. Zinc and skin: An update. J German Soc Dermatol. 2019;17(6):589-94.
Tabanlioglu D, Ersoy-Evans S, Karaduman A. Acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruption in metabolic disorders: Acrodermatitis dysmetabolica is proposed as a better term. Pediatr Dermatol. 2009;26:150–4.
Maverakis E, Fung MA, Lynch PJ. Acrodermatitis enteropathica and an overview of zinc metabolism. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:116–24.
Bhat Y. A case of classical casal’s necklace in an 8 year old boy. Int J Clin Med Imaging. 2014;4(1):1-2.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2021 Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.