Hubungan antara Profil Elektrofisiologi dan Risiko Kejadian Kardiovaskular: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v52i5.1577Kata Kunci:
Kejadian kardiovaskular, profil elektrofisiologi, mortalitasAbstrak
Pendahuluan: Penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD) merupakan penyebab 31% seluruh kematian di seluruh dunia. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini mengeksplorasi peran profil elektrofisiologis dalam pencegahan kardiovaskular, dengan fokus pada integrasi mereka ke dalam protokol manajemen risiko. Metode: Tinjauan komprehensif menggunakan basis data PubMed, sesuai pedoman PRISMA. Dari 1.050 studi yang diidentifkasi, 10 memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dinilai kualitasnya menggunakan metode STROBE. Hasil: Penanda elektrofisiologis utama diidentifkasi sebagai prediktor signifkan kejadian kardiovaskular. Abnormalitas dalam pemantauan Holter, seperti kemiringan turbulensi (TS) ≤25 ms/RRI, sangat berkorelasi dengan kematian jantung mendadak (HR 4,7). Interval QT memanjang pada temuan EKG dikaitkan dengan peningkatan mortalitas akibat serangan jantung (HR 2,4) dan gagal jantung (HR 1,74). Depresi segmen ST selama exercise stress test adalah prediktor kuat kematian akibat penyakit jantung koroner (HR: 2,47), terutama selama fase pemulihan (HR 4,01). Diskusi: Penanda elektrofsiologis seperti pemantauan Holter, temuan EKG, dan exercise stress testing sangat berguna untuk identifkasi individu dengan risiko tinggi. Integrasi profil elektrofsiologis ke dalam skrining rutin dapat meningkatkan deteksi dini dan strategi pencegahan, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menstandarkan protokol.
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