Peran Suplementasi AREDS2 dalam Menurunkan Progresivitas Age-related Macular Degeneration
Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v53i03.2135Kata Kunci:
Age-related macular degeneration, antioksidan, AREDS2, suplementasiAbstrak
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) merupakan penyakit degeneratif makula yang menjadi penyebab utama hilangnya penglihatan irreversible pada lanjut usia di negara maju. Prevalensi AMD di populasi Asia sebesar 6,8% untuk AMD tahap awal dan 0,56% untuk AMD tahap lanjut. Peningkatan produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang tidak dapat diimbangi oleh sistem antioksidan di retina menyebabkan kerusakan struktural lapisan epitel pigmen retina (EPR). Kerusakan ini mengakibatkan disfungsi sel EPR, akumulasi drusen, dan progresivitas penyakit menuju tahap lanjut. Suplementasi antioksidan seperti formulasi AREDS2 merupakan pilihan terapi yang dapat menurunkan progresivitas AMD dari tahap menengah ke tahap lanjut. Formulasi AREDS2 terdiri dari lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, dan copper yang bekerja melalui berbagai mekanisme untuk melindungi retina dari stres oksidatif, menghambat inflamasi, dan memperbaiki fungsi seluler. Tinjauan pustaka ini mengulas peran suplementasi AREDS2 dalam AMD beserta mekanisme kerja masing-masing komponennya dalam menurunkan progresivitas penyakit dan mempertahankan fungsi penglihatan pada pasien lanjut usia
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