Monkeypox: Manifestasi dan Diagnosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v50i1.333Kata Kunci:
Cacar monyet, diagnosis, manifestasiAbstrak
Cacar monyet merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh virus monkeypox. Kasus cacar monyet meningkat beberapa tahun terakhir ini, bahkan dapat ditemukan di negara non-endemis dengan prevalensi terbanyak pada usia dewasa. Transmisi terjadi dari hewan ke manusia ataupun manusia ke manusia; kuman masuk melalui nasofaring, orofaring, ataupun jaringan kulit. Manifestasi klinis khas berupa limfadenopati dan penyebaran lesi kulit monomorfik secara sentrifugal dari mulut hingga seluruh tubuh. Masa penularan terjadi pada fase prodromal hingga seluruh krusta kulit terkelupas. Konfirmasi diagnosis melalui pemeriksaan PCR. Tata laksana umumnya simtomatik dan isolasi penderita. Vaksinasi cacar diketahui dapat meringankan gejala dan mengurangi komplikasi. Penyakit ini bersifat swasirna, tetapi berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi. Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease, caused by monkeypox virus. Monkeypox cases have increased even in non-endemic countries; mostly in adults. Transmission occurs from animal to human and human to human; infection is through nasopharynx, oropharynx, and skin. Its typical manifestations are lymphadenopathy and monomorphic skin lesions spread centrifugally from the mouth to all over the bodies. A person is considered to be contagious from prodromal phase until all the scabs have fallen off. Diagnosis could be confirmed by PCR test. Management includes symptomatic and isolation. Smallpox vaccination is reported to reduce the severity and incidence of complications. It is a self-limiting disease, but there is a still risk of complication.Unduhan
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