Hipertensi Esensial: Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Terbaru pada Dewasa
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https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v46i3.491Kata Kunci:
Hipertensi esensial, pedoman klinis, terapi kombinasiAbstrak
Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyebab terbesar morbiditas penyakit di dunia; penderita hipertensi diperkirakan akan mencapai 1,5 miliar pada tahun 2025 dan kematian dapat mencapai 9,4 juta individu. Hipertensi didefinisikan sebagai kondisi tekanan darah sistolik ≥ 130 mmHg atau diastolik ≥ 80 mmHg; 80 – 95% kasus hipertensi esensial. Dua faktor utama berkaitan dengan kasus hipertensi esensial adalah faktor genetik dan lingkungan. Tatalaksana kombinasi nonfarmakologis dan farmakologis dengan mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek, seperti stadium hipertensi, saat mulai pengobatan, jenis obat, target tekanan darah, komorbiditas, kontrol berkala, dan kriteria rujukan.
Hypertension causes a considerable morbidity in the world. There will be 1.5 billion hypertensive patients with mortality up to 9.4 million in 2025. Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. Approximately 80-95% cases are essential hypertension. The most important factors associated with essential hypertension are genetic and environmental factors. The recommended treatment consists of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, considering the stage of hypertension, initiation, class of drugs, blood pressure target, comorbidities, follow-up, and referral criteria.
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