Preeklamsia: Pencegahan hingga Pengelolaan Berbasis Bukti
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v46i1.525Kata Kunci:
Pencegahan, prediksi, preeklamsia, tatalaksanaAbstrak
Mekanisme pasti preeklamsia masih tidak diketahui, sering dikaitkan dengan faktor imunologi, genetik, kerentanan terhadap sindrom metabolik, inflamasi/infeksi kronik, hipertensi sebelumnya, penyakit ginjal kronik. Uji prediksi preeklamsia dapat dilakukan dengan melihat faktor risiko demografi, penemuan biofisik, ataupun kombinasi keduanya. Pencegahan preeklamsia di antaranya aspirin dosis rendah pada populasi risiko tinggi dan suplementasi kalsium pada populasi rendah asupan kalsium. Penatalaksanaan preeklamsia yang baik terdiri dari antihipertensi, magnesium sulfat, kortikosteroid, penentuan saat terminasi kehamilan, hingga metode persalinan.
The exact mechanism of preeclampsia is unknown; it is associated with immunological, genetic factor, susceptibility to metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammation/infection, history of previous hypertension, and chronic renal disease. Preeclampsia prediction test can be conducted through demographic risk factors, biophysical findings, or both. The prevention measures include low dose aspirin in high risk population and calcium supplementation in low calcium intake population. Good management of preeclampsia consists of antihypertensive, magnesium sulphate, corticosteroid, pregnancy termination, and delivery methods.
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