Risky Behavior of Men who Have Sex with Men (MSM) Increases the Risk of HIV and Syphilis Infection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v51i5.987Keywords:
HIV, sexually transmitted infection, MSM, secondary syphillisAbstract
The incidence of sexually transmitted infections in man who have sex with man (MSM) is increased among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. HIV and syphilis are two sexually transmitted diseases that frequently interact and modify the symptoms and signs of the disease. A case of a 27-year-old male with generalized multiple erythematous plaques including palms and soles since 4 days ago was reported. The patient has been diagnosed with HIV since 2017. The patient is sexually active with a male sex partner and rarely uses condoms. Diagnosis of syphilis is made based on anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The treatment was benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units in 3 doses. The combination of HIV and syphilis needs longer therapy and requires serological follow-up for up to 24 months.
Downloads
References
Sidjabat FN. Lelaki seks lelaki: Aktivitas seksual dan bagaimana mereka memulainya? J IKESMA. 2016;12:65-74.
Wang L, Hong C, Simoni JM, He N, Li C, Chen L, et al. Correlates of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. J Global Health Rep. 2022;6:e2022020. DOI:10.29392/001c.33816.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan perkembangan HIV AIDS & penyakit infeksi menular seksual (PIMS) triwulan I tahun 2022. Laporan HIV/AIDS. Jakarta; 2022.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Estimasi dan proyeksi HIV/AIDS di Indonesia 2015-2020. Jakarta; 2017.
Peeling RW, Mabey D, Kamb ML, Chen XS, Radolf JD, Benzaken AS. Syphilis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017 Oct 12:3:17073. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.73.
Cook OM, Knafo J, Bhaskar R, Salhab M, Nguyen H. Secondary syphilis presenting as erythema multiforme in the setting of AIDS and psoriasis. Cureus 2022 Sep 13;14(9):e29110. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29110.
Fernandes A, Ervianti E. Secondary syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM): A case report. BIKK [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2023 Jul 17]. Available from: https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/BIKK/article/view/5176.
Tuddenham S, Ghanem KG. Emerging trends and persistent challenges in the management of adult syphilis. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:351-9.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan survei terpadu biologis dan perilaku 2015. Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan Kemenkes RI. Jakarta; 2017.
Petrosky E, Fanfair RN, Toevs K, DeSilva M, Schafer S, Hedberg K, et al. Early syphilis among men who have sex with men in the US Pacific Northwest, 2008–2013: Clinical management and implications for prevention. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2016;30(3):134–40.
Nelson LE, Wilton L, Agyarko-Poku T, Zhang N, Aluoch M, Thach CT, et al. The association of HIV stigma and HIV/STD knowledge with sexual risk behaviors among adolescent and adult men who have sex with men in Ghana, West Africa. Res Nurs Health 2015;38(3):194-206.
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2022). Laporan eksekutif perkembangan HIV AIDS dan penyakit infeksi menular seksual (PIMS) triwulan I tahun 2022 [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://siha.kemkes.go.id/portal/files_upload/Laporan_TW_1_2022.pdf.
PERDOSKI. Panduan praktik klinis bagi dokter spesialis kulit dan kelamin di Indonesia. Jakarta; 2017.
Sánchez-Gómez A, Jacobson JO, Montoya O, Magallanes D, Bajaña W, Aviles O, et al. HIV, STI and behavioral risk among men who have sex with men in a setting of elevated HIV prevalence along Ecuador's Pacific Coast. AIDS Behav. 2015;19(9):1609-18.
Centre For Disease Control and Prevention. HIV stigma and discrimination [Internet]. 2021. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hivstigma/index.html#:~:text=HIV%20stigma%20is%20negative%20attitudes,of%20people%20can%20get%20HIV.
Satyaputra F, Hendry S, Braddick M, Sivabalan P, Norton R. The laboratory diagnosis of syphilis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2021 Sep 20;59(10):e0010021. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00100-21.
Churcher S. Stigma related to HIV and AIDS as a barrier to accessing health care in Thailand: A review of recent literature. WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2013 Jan-Mar;2(1):12-22. DOI: 10.4103/2224-3151.115829.
Imões LA, Ceccato MGB, Silveira MR, Mendes JC, Lula MD, Costa AMG. Factors associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection initiating of antiretroviral therapy [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://scielosp.org/pdf/rsp/2022.v56/59/en.
Wu MY, Gong HZ, Hu KR, Zheng HY, Wan X, Li J. Effect of syphilis infection on HIV acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex Transm Infect. 2021;97(7):525-33.
Adawaye C, Souleymane AO, Fouda AA, Djarma O, Cournil A, Tuaillon E, et al. Syphilis diagnosis and serological response to benzathine penicillin G among patients attending HIV clinics in N'Djaména, Chad. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;108:461-4.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ida Ayu Cintya Pradnyandari, Anak Agung Candra Wahyuni, Putu Dyah Ayu Saraswati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
