Profil Sosiodemografi Wanita Hamil dengan Infeksi Saluran Kemih: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis dari Penelitian Saat Ini
Analisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v52i1.1250Kata Kunci:
Wanita hamil, profil sosiodemografi, infeksi saluran kemihAbstrak
Pendahuluan: Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) yang tidak diobati selama kehamilan dapat menyebabkan komplikasi bagi ibu dan janin, memerlukan penanganan yang tepat. Memahami profil sosiodemografi wanita hamil dengan ISK dapat membantu menentukan intervensi dan perawatan yang tepat. Metode: Tinjauan sistematis ini mengikuti protokol yang terdaftar di International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024507145). Studi potong lintang kohort yang memfokuskan pada profil sosiodemografi wanita hamil dengan ISK dicari dan dipilih secara sistematis dari basis data ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Scopus, dan PubMed. Kriteria kelayakan mencakup relevansi dengan profil sosiodemografi, metode ekstraksi dan analisis statistik yang jelas, serta publikasi dalam bahasa Inggris. Ekstraksi data dan seleksi studi dilakukan secara independen oleh 6 peneliti, setiap ketidaksesuaian diselesaikan melalui diskusi. Hasil: Tiga studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dimasukkan dalam tinjauan sistematis. Studi-studi tersebut, yang dilakukan di Amerika Serikat, Kamerun, dan Bangladesh, mencakup 46.398 wanita hamil, mengungkapkan faktor-faktor sosiodemografi yang beragam terkait dengan risiko ISK pada wanita hamil. Faktor-faktor seperti rendahnya pendidikan, pendapatan rumah tangga rendah, dan disparitas ras/etnis diidentifikasi sebagai kontributor signifikan terhadap prevalensi ISK di Amerika Serikat. Di Kamerun, meskipun prevalensi ISK tinggi, tidak ada faktor risiko yang signifikan. Sensitivitas antibiotik bervariasi, menunjukkan kompleksitas penanganan ISK dalam konteks tersebut. Di Bangladesh, kurangnya gizi ibu, primiparitas, dan pendidikan ayah yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko signifikan untuk ISK pada wanita hamil. Simpulan: Tinjauan sistematis menekankan pentingnya mempertimbangkan faktor sosiodemografi dalam memahami dan mengatasi risiko ISK pada wanita hamil. Status sosial ekonomi, disparitas budaya, dan faktor-faktor terkait kesehatan memainkan peran penting dalam prevalensi dan penanganan ISK. Intervensi yang menarget karakteristik sosiodemograf tertentu mungkin diperlukan untuk mencegah dan mengelola ISK secara efektif pada wanita hamil di berbagai konteks geografis dan sosioekonomi.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2024 Fitriyadi Kusuma, Kemal Akbar Suryoadji, Adib Kamil Putra Kadarusman, Geraldus Sigap Gung Binathara, Salsa Billa As’syifa, Surahman Hakim
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