Glaukoma Kongenital Primer
Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v53i03.1576Kata Kunci:
Children, glaucoma, primary congenital glaucoma, increased intraocular pressureAbstrak
Glaukoma kongenital primer adalah glaukoma yang disebabkan oleh gangguan perkembangan sudut bilik mata anterior, khususnya trabecular meshwork yang menghambat aliran keluarnya aqueous humor dan menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan intraokular. Kondisi ini merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kebutaan pada anak-anak dan memiliki dampak jangka panjang terhadap perkembangan visual serta kualitas hidup pasien. Lebih dari 75% glaukoma kongenital primer didiagnosis dalam 12 bulan pertama setelah lahir, bahkan pada kasus yang berat, glaukoma sudah terdeteksi saat bayi lahir. Peningkatan tekanan intraokular yang tidak segera ditangani dapat menimbulkan kerusakan permanen pada saraf optik, pembesaran bola mata (buphthalmos), edema dan kekeruhan kornea, serta defek lapang pandang progresif. Diagnosis umumnya ditegakkan berdasarkan gambaran klinis khas berupa epifora, fotofobia, dan blefarospasme, disertai pemeriksaan oftalmologis menyeluruh. Penatalaksanaan utama bersifat bedah dengan tujuan menurunkan tekanan intraokular dan mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut. Deteksi dini dan intervensi yang tepat sangat penting untuk mempertahankan fungsi visual dan mencegah gangguan penglihatan permanen pada anak.
Unduhan
Referensi
Salmon JF. Glaucoma. In: Kanski’s clinical ophtalmology a systematic approach. 9th ed. China: Elsevier; 2020. p. 345–421.
Badawi AH, Al-Muhaylib AA, Al Owaifeer AM, Al-Essa RS, Al-Shahwan SA. Primary congenital glaucoma: an updated review. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2019;33(4):382–8. doi: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2019.10.002.
Dragosloveanu CDM, Potop V, Coviltir V, Dinu V, Pasarica M, Ducan IL, et al. Prematurity—risk factor or coincidence in congenital glaucoma? Medicina (Lithuania). 2022;58(3):334. doi: 10.3390/medicina58030334.
Elhusseiny AM, George J, Chang TC, Barre I, Aref AA, Prakalapakorn SG, et al. Childhood Glaucoma Research Network classification
and epidemiology of childhood glaucoma. American Academy of Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://eyewiki.org/Childhood_Glaucoma_Research_Network_Classification_and_Epidemiology_of_Childhood_Glaucoma.
Cronemberger S, Veloso AW, Lins P, Melo AC, da Silva AHG, de Figueiredo Barbosa L, et al. Outcomes of early versus delayed trabeculotomy for primary congenital glaucoma. Acta Ophthalmol. 2023;101(5):514–20. doi: 10.1111/aos.15310.
Sihota R, Mahalingam K, Maurya AK, Sharma A, Bukke AN, Dada T. Primary congenital glaucoma: an iridotrabeculodysgenesis? Indian J Ophthalmol. 2024;72(3):328–34. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_370_23.
Mandal AK, Chakrabarti D, Gothwal VK. Approach to primary congenital glaucoma: a perspective. Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2023;13(4):451–60. doi: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00104.
Forestieri NE, Desrosiers TA, Freedman SF, Aylsworth AS, Voltzke K, Olshan AF, et al. Risk factors for primary congenital glaucoma in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Am J Med Genet A. 2019;179(9):1846–56. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61296.
Clark RA. Primary congenital glaucoma. American Academy of Ophtalmology [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2024 Sep 1]. Available from: https://eyewiki.org/Primary_Congenital_Glaucoma.
Ko F, Papadopoulos M, Khaw PT. Primary congenital glaucoma. Prog Brain Res. 2015:221:177-89. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.06.005.
Thau A, Lloyd M, Freedman S, Beck A, Grajewski A, Levin AV. New classification system for pediatric glaucoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2018;29(5):385–94. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000516.
Yu Chan JY, Choy BNK, Ng ALK, Shum JWH. Review on the management of primary congenital glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract. 2015;9(3):92–9. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1192.
Kaur K, Zeppieri M, Gurnani B. Primary congenital glaucoma [Internet]. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing LLC; 2023. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34662067/.
Drivas E, Panarelli J. Characteristics and management of primary congenital glaucoma. American Academy of Ophtalmology [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 Sep 1]. Available from: https://www.aao.org/eyenet/article/management-of-primary-congenital-glaucoma.
Sayed KM. Common and rare complications following filtering surgery for children with congenital glaucoma; a5 years study. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2021;31(6):3034–41. doi: 10.1177/1120672120986375.
Mocan MC, Mehta AA, Aref AA. Update in genetics and surgical management of primary congenital glaucoma. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2019;49(6):347–55. doi: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2019.28828.
Shen R, Li VSW, Wong MOM, Chan PPM. Pediatric glaucoma—from screening, early detection to management. Children 2023;10(2):181. doi:10.3390/children10020181.
Riva I, Brusini P, Oddone F, Michelessi M, Weinreb RN, Quaranta L. Canaloplasty in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma: a review of patient selection and outcomes. Adv Ther. 2019;36(1):31–43. doi: 10.1007/s12325-018-0842-6.
Gusson E, Chemello F, Longo R, Franzolin E, Vesentini R, Verlato G, et al. Primary congenital glaucoma surgery: outcomes and visual function. Int Ophthalmol. 2021;41(11):3861–7. doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-01957-0.
Alayu KS, Shibeshi MA, Alemu AM. Spontaneously arrested bilateral primary congenital glaucoma: a case report from Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2022;32(2):463–6. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v32i2.27.
Ye Q, Wang Y, Xu J, Yu M, Yang Y. Seven-year follow-up of spontaneously resolved primary congenital glaucoma: a case report. Ann Eye Sci.2022;7:1–5. doi: 10.21037/aes-21-42.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Maya Safira, Naufal Gusti
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
