Latihan Fisik untuk Mengurangi Tekanan Intraokular pada Glaukoma
Tinjauan Sistematik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1595Kata Kunci:
Glaukoma, tekanan intraokular, latihan fisikAbstrak
Pendahuluan: Glaukoma adalah kondisi mata umum yang berisiko terhadap penglihatan, karena melibatkan peningkatan tekanan intraokular (TIO) dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan penglihatan. Peningkatan tekanan intraokular (TIO) dan perfusi okular yang tidak memadai merupakan teori dasar perkembangan dan progresi glaukoma. Metode: Pencarian literatur dalam 10 tahun terakhir melalui PubMed dan Google menggunakan kata kunci yang ditentukan: “Glaucoma” (title), “Intraocular Pressure (IOP)” (all fields), dan “Physical Exercise” (all fields). Metode PRISMA digunakan untuk memproses pemilihan jurnal. Hasil: Latihan dinamis seperti bersepeda dan joging telah terbukti secara signifikan mengurangi tekanan intraokular (TIO), terutama pada pasien glaukoma, sedangkan aktivitas isometrik seperti angkat beban atau pose yoga kepala di bawah meningkatkan TIO untuk sementara. Latihan pernapasan seperti pranayama yoga dapat menurunkan TIO dengan merangsang aktivitas parasimpatis dan meningkatkan aliran keluar humor akuos tanpa meningkatkan tekanan vena okular. Kesimpulan: Penurunan TIO dan peningkatan OPP setelah latihan dinamis seperti bersepeda dan joging berkaitan dengan intensitas latihan. Tidak ada obat yang tersedia; penanganannya adalah untuk mencegah kerusakan lebih lanjut dan kehilangan penglihatan. Latihan fisik memengaruhi TIO, perfusi okular, neuroproteksi, dan Kesehatan mental pada pasien glaukoma.
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Referensi
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