Vaksinasi sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Foodborne Disease pada Anak
Analisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v52i11.1610Kata Kunci:
Anak, hepatitis A, penyakit bawaan pangan, tifoid, vaksinAbstrak
Penyakit bawaan pangan (foodborne disease) termasuk salah satu beban penyakit karena dapat menyebabkan disabilitas dan kematian, terutama pada anak. Hepatitis A dan tifoid adalah agen utama penyakit bawaan pangan di negara berkembang. Meski mayoritas akan sembuh sendiri, anak dengan hepatitis A dapat menjadi sumber penularan. Sementara itu, selain masih endemis di Indonesia, angka kejadian resistensi antibiotik terhadap infeksi tifoid pun makin meningkat. Vaksinasi dinilai sebagai Langkah ekonomis untuk menekan insiden dan transmisi penyakit serta mencegah wabah. Untuk mencapai efektivitas dan efisiensi vaksinasi, dokter perlu memahami sediaan, cara penggunaan, cara penyimpanan, peringatan, kontraindikasi, serta efek samping vaksin. Selain itu, peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya vaksinasi dan penerapan kebersihan pangan yang baik menjadi faktor penunjang keberhasilan pencegahan penyakit bawaan pangan. Upaya edukasi publik melalui fasilitas kesehatan dan sekolah perlu diperkuat agar cakupan imunisasi anak semakin luas. Dengan demikian, diharapkan insiden hepatitis A dan tifoid dapat ditekan secara signifikan, sejalan dengan target program kesehatan nasional dan global untuk menurunkan angka morbiditas serta mortalitas akibat penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan vaksin.
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