Terapi Penggantian Testosterone pada Hipogonadisme Onset Lambat
Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v53i01.1654Kata Kunci:
Hipogonadisme, terapi penggantian testosteron, testosteron, TRTAbstrak
Testosterone adalah hormon seks yang berperan penting dalam berbagai fungsi fisiologis pada pria, termasuk pengaturan libido, massa otot, komposisi lemak, serta kesehatan tulang. Hipogonadisme onset lambat yang banyak terjadi pada pria lanjut usia, mencerminkan penurunan kadar testosterone terkait usia, dapat berhubungan dengan penyakit kronis serta adipositas. Diagnosis memerlukan evaluasi menyeluruh meliputi gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan kadar testosterone serum pagi hari secara berulang. Terapi penggantian testosterone (testosterone replacement therapy/TRT) merupakan pendekatan pengobatan umum untuk hipogonadisme yang bergejala dengan pilihan sediaan termasuk oral, intramuskular, transdermal, subdermal, dan nasal. Namun, TRT memiliki kontraindikasi, terutama pada pria dengan kanker prostat aktif, hematokrit tinggi, atau penyakit kardiovaskular tertentu. Pemantauan terapi yang tepat diperlukan untuk evaluasi efektivitas terapi, mengoptimalkan dosis, serta mendeteksi efek samping seperti polisitemia atau peningkatan PSA. Tujuan utama TRT pada pria dengan defisiensi testosterone adalah mengembalikan kadar testosterone ke rentang fisiologis guna memperbaiki fungsi seksual, kekuatan otot, dan
kualitas hidup pada pria dengan hipogonadisme.
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