Karakteristik Pasien Luka Bakar di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina, Gresik, Indonesia – 2022–2024: Sebuah Studi Deskriptif Observasional Retrospektif
Penelitian
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v53i04.2032Kata Kunci:
Luka bakar, Gresik, sistem kesehatan, trauma inhalasiAbstrak
Pendahuluan: Luka bakar merupakan salah satu penyebab signifikan morbiditas dan mortalitas, khususnya di negara berkembang yang masih menghadapi keterbatasan dalam sistem pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik pasien luka bakar yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ibnu Sina, Kabupaten Gresik, selama periode tahun 2022−2024. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional retrospektif menganalisis data sekunder rekam medis pasien luka bakar dan dirawat inap melalui Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) dalam 24 jam pertama. Hasil: Dari total 64 pasien, mayoritas laki-laki dan dalam usia produktif (16−35 tahun). Sebagian besar bekerja sebagai pengusaha dan pekerja pabrik. Mekanisme luka bakar yang paling sering adalah paparan api dan ledakan gas, dengan luas luka bakar terbanyak berkisar 20%−39% total body surface area (TBSA). Pasien trauma inhalasi dan komorbiditas seperti diabetes melitus atau kebiasaan merokok mengalami masa rawat inap yang lebih panjang. Simpulan: Sebagian besar luka bakar sedang–berat pada penelitian ini terjadi pada pekerja pabrik dan wirausahawan akibat api terbuka dan ledakan gas, sehingga diperlukan penguatan keselamatan
kerja dan pencegahan luka bakar di lingkungan kerja.
Unduhan
Referensi
Smolle C, Cambiaso-Daniel J, Forbes AA, Wurzer P, Hundeshagen G, Branski LK, et al. Recent trends in burn epidemiology worldwide: a systematic review 2017;43:249–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2016.08.013.
Opriessnig E, Luze H, Smolle C, Draschl A, Zrim R, Giretzlehner M, et al. Epidemiology of burn injury and the ideal dressing in global burn care – regional differences explored [Internet]. Burns 2023;49(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2022.06.018.
Abarca L, Guilabert P, Martin N, Usua G, Barret JP, Colomina MJ. Epidemiology and mortality in patients hospitalized for burns in Catalonia, Spain. Scientific Reports 2023;13:14364. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40198-2.
Verma K, Thakurani S, Vashishta A, Srivatsa SI, Shah D. Assessing return to work outcomes for individuals affected by burn injuries: a
comprehensive study. Cureus 2024;16(2):e54410. doi:10.7759/cureus.54410.
Angkoso H, Kekalih A. Prognostic factors for mortality of pediatric burn injury in a National Tertiary Referral Center 2022;7:12–8. doi:
7454/nrjs.v7i2.1134.
Setiawan D, Haryono W. Epidemiology and characteristics of burn patients in Dr. Soedarso General Hospital during 2017–2020: retrospective study. Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;9:711–4. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6544.
Ramli RN, Prawoto A, Riasa NP, Saputro ID, Mas’ud AF. Epidemiology and knowledge of first aid treatment related to burn injury in the rural region of Kulon Progo, Indonesia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;9:101–8. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5649.
Jeschke MG, van Baar ME, Choudhry MA, Chung KK, Gibran NS, Logsetty S. Burn injury. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2020;6:11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-0145-5.
Cyuzuzo T, Uwemeyimana Y, Emmanuel T, Munyaneza CU. Cooking gas explosion and burn accidents in Kigali: epidemiological profile and outcomes of patients admitted to the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali. East and Central African Journal of Surgery. 2025;30:15–22. doi: 10.4314/ecajs.v30i2.3.
Jin R, Yang M, Weng T, Shao J, Xia S, Han C, et al. Epidemiology and early bacteriology of extremely severe burns from an LPG tanker
explosion in Eastern China. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2022;12:478–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-022-00066-0.
Deng G, Tang L, Yang Q, Li Z. Association of the abbreviated burn severity index with mortality in severely burned patients: a meta-analysis PLoS ONE. 2025;20:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319199.
Avila J, Santana L, Suzuki D, Maldaner V, Duarte ML, Mizusaki Imoto A, et al. Frequency, complications, and mortality of inhalation injury in burn patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. PLOS ONE 2024;19:e0295318. https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295318.
Sanjaya IGPH, Hamid ARRH, Adnyana IMS, Samsarga GW, Tanuwijaya LY, Putri GW, et al. The epidemiology of unintentional burn case in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, from 2014 to 2018. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022;10:1282–7. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8213.
Klifto KM, Quiroga L, Hultman CS. Substance use and inhalation injury in adult burn patients: retrospective study of the impact on outcomes. Burns & Trauma. England 2019;7:15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41038-019-0152-5.
Jimenez A, Fernandez A. Influence of smoking on wound healing in patients undergoing nail matrix phenolization. Advances in Skin & Wound Care 2017;27:229–36. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000444612.93346.6c.
Kim S, Kwak I, Park GH. Effects of diabetes mellitus on the mortality, length of hospital stay and number of operations in burn patients. Annals of Dermatology. Korea (South); 2019;31:51. https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2019.31.1.51.
Wardhana A, Winarno GA. Epidemiology and mortality of burn injury in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta: a 5 year retrospective study. Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi 2024;6:234–42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.14228/jpr.v6i1.270.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Akhmad Setyo Rahman, Taufan Harijanto, Dono Marsetio, Agung Kusuma Negara, Nur Lailatul Fadhilah
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
