Keberhasilan Pengobatan Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration dengan AREDS 2
Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v53i09.2127Kata Kunci:
Age-related macular degeneration, Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2, AMD, AREDS2, dry AMD, wet AMDAbstrak
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) adalah penyebab utama kehilangan penglihatan ireversibel. Hasil penelitian terkait suplemen AREDS2 dalam 5 tahun mengonfirmasi formula AREDS2 (vitamin C, vitamin E, lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, dan copper) secara signifikan mengurangi risiko progresi dari intermediate AMD menuju advanced AMD. Analisis baru menunjukkan suplemen AREDS2 dapat memperlambat ekspansi atrofi geografis (GA) menuju fovea pada advanced dry AMD, serta berpotensi mempertahankan penglihatan sentral. Suplemen ini direkomendasikan untuk pasien intermediate AMD dan advanced AMD, bukan pada AMD tahap awal. Formula AREDS2 tidak mencegah timbulnya AMD atau mengembalikan penglihatan yang telah hilang. Peran utamanya adalah mengurangi risiko progresi penyakit pada pasien yang dipilih secara tepat. Lutein dan zeaxanthin lebih disarankan daripada β-carotene karena β-carotene dapat meningkatkan risiko kanker paru, terutama pada perokok aktif dan mantan perokok. Penggunaan jangka panjang perlu mempertimbangkan stadium AMD, riwayat merokok, penyakit penyerta, dan potensi interaksi dengan obat lain. Pemantauan oftalmologis secara berkala tetap diperlukan untuk menilai perkembangan penyakit dan mendeteksi perubahan menjadi AMD neovaskular.
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Referensi
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