Glaukoma Neovaskular: Deteksi Dini dan Tatalaksana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i2.275Kata Kunci:
Diabetes melitus, glaukoma neovaskular, tekanan intraokular, vascular endothelial growth factorAbstrak
Glaukoma neovaskular merupakan glaukoma sekunder dengan prognosis visus relatif buruk. Hal ini terkait dengan kerusakan saraf mata progresif akibat peningkatan tekanan intraokular (TIO) disertai gangguan aliran darah segmen posterior mata (retina). Penyakit diawali dengan kondisi iskemia retina yang merupakan komplikasi penyakit lain, khususnya retinopati diabetes atau oklusi vena sentral retina. Kondisi iskemia akan memicu neovaskularisasi dan pembentukan membran fibrovaskular di segmen anterior mata, terutama iris dan sudut iridokornea, yang pada akhirnya akan mengobstruksi aliran humor akuos mata. Hal terpenting adalah deteksi dini dan mencegah kejadian glaukoma neovaskular.
Neovascular glaucoma is a type of secondary glaucoma generally associated with relatively poor visual prognosis. It is characterized by progressive damage of optical nerve caused by increase of intraocular pressure and disturbance of retinal blood flow. The early stage starts with retinal ischemia as a complication from other diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion. This ischemic condition will drive neovascularization and form a fibrovascular membrane over the anterior segments of the eye, especially iris and iridocorneal angle which can obstruct the aqueous humor. Early detection and prevention are important.
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