Pencegahan Infeksi Sekunder pada Kasus Patah Tulang Terbuka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i4.364Kata Kunci:
Infeksi, patah tulang terbuka, pencegahanAbstrak
Patah tulang terbuka merupakan cedera kompleks berupa kerusakan jaringan lunak disertai kontak antara tulang dan lingkungan luar tubuh. Infeksi sekunder dan osteomielitis merupakan penyulit patah tulang terbuka yang berpotensi meningkatkan angka kesakitan secara signifikan. Upaya pencegahan infeksi pada patah tulang terbuka meliputi pemberian antibiotik profilaksis dan antitetanus, debridemen, irigasi luka, penutupan luka, serta fiksasi. Antibiotik profilaksis harus diberikan dalam 3 jam pertama atau seawal mungkin pasca-trauma. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan risiko infeksi antara tindakan debridemen segera dengan debridemen tertunda. Irigasi luka metode aliran tekanan rendah lebih direkomendasikan. Pilihan metode penutupan luka dan tindakan fiksasi fragmen tulang yang patah berdasarkan hasil evaluasi tulang dan jaringan lunak serta karakteristik pasien.
Open fractures are complex injuries characterized by soft tissue damage associated with exposed bone fragment. Secondary infection
and osteomyelitis are some complications and often associated with significant morbidity. Preventing infection in open fracture includes administration of antibiotic and antitetanus prophylaxis, debridement, wound irrigation, wound closure, and fixation. Antibiotic prophylaxis should be administrated in first 3 hours after injury or as early as possible. No significant difference in infection risk between urgent debridement and delayed debridement. Low pressure method of irrigation is recommended. Decisions on wound closure and bone fragment fixation methods depend on the bones and soft tissue conditions, and characteristic of patient.
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