Penggunaan Hydroxychloroquine dalam Tatalaksana Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v47i10.552Kata Kunci:
COVID-19, hydroxychloroquineAbstrak
Penyakit coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) telah menyebar dengan cepat ke seluruh dunia. Saat ini berbagai obat telah diteliti dalam upaya mengobati dan mencegah penularan virus tersebut, salah satunya adalah hydroxychloroquine yang selama ini dikenal sebagai obat antimalaria dan obat penyakit autoimun seperti lupus eritemasosus sistemik. Selain efek imunomodulasi, studi in vitro menunjukkan bahwa hydroxychloroquine juga memiliki efek antivirus, namun studi pada pasien Covid-19 hasilnya bervariasi dalam hal perbaikan outcome. Saat ini pada kondisi pandemi, hydroxychloroquine secara darurat bisa digunakan terbatas dalam pengawasan ketat oleh dokter untuk pengobatan pasien Covid-19 dewasa dan remaja yang memiliki berat badan 50 kg atau lebih dan dirawat di rumah sakit.
The 2019 coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has spread rapidly throughout the world. Various drugs have been studied for treating and preventing virus transmission, including hydroxychloroquine, known as antimalarial and an autoimmune disease drug such as systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition to an immunomodulating effect, in vitro studies have shown that hydroxychloroquine also has antiviral effects, but studies on Covid-19 patients have shown mixed results. Currently, in pandemic conditions, hydroxychloroquine can be limitedly used for emergency under close medical supervision for treating adults and adolescents weighed 50 kg or more with Covid-19 in a hospital setting.
Unduhan
Referensi
Hussain N, Chung E, Heyl JJ, Hussain B, Oh MC, Pinon C, et al. A Meta-analysis on the effects of hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19. Cureus 2020;12(8): e10005.doi:10.7759/cureus.10005
Pastick KA, Okafor EC, Wang F, Lofgren SM, Skipper CP, Nicol MR, et al. Review: Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). OFID 2020;7(4). https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa130
Dyall J, Gross R, Kindrachuk J, Johnson RF, Olinger GG, Hensley LE, et al. Middle east respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome: current therapeutic options and potential targets for novel therapies. Drugs 2017;77(18):1935-66. doi: 10.1007/s40265-017-0830-1
Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, Wang X, Zhang H, Hu H. Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Cell Discov.2020;6:16.
Andreani J, Bideau ML, Duflot I, Jardot P, Rolland C, Boxberger M, et al. In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect. Microb Pathog 2020;145:104228. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104228.
Fiolet T, Guihur A, Rebeaud M, Mulot M, Peiffer-Smadja N, Mahamat-Saleh Y. Effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin on the mortality of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infection 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.08.022
Schrezenmeier E, Dörner T, et al. Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020;16(3):155-66.
Hyloquin tablet salut selaput 200 mg [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 27]. Available from: http://pionas.pom.go.id/obat-baru/hyloquin-tablet-salut-selaput-200-mg
PLAQUENIL® Hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets, USP [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 27]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/ drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/009768s037s045s047lbl.pdf
Khuroo MS. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Facts, fiction and the hype: a critical appraisal. Internat J Antimicrob Agents 2020;56: 106101
Littlejohn E. Hydroxychloroquine use in the COVID-19 patient. Cleveland Clin J Med 2020. doi:10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc011
Medicines for the prevention of malaria while traveling hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil™) [Internet]. [cited 2020 May 27]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/resources/pdf/fsp/drugs/Hydroxychloroquine.pdf
Furst DE, Lindsley H, Baethge B, Botstein GR, Caldwell J, Dietz F, et al. Dose-loading with hydroxychloroquine improves the rate of response in early, active rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind six-week trial with eighteen-week extension. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42:357-65.
Sammaritano LR, Bermas BL, Chakravarty EE, Chambers C, Clowse MBE, Lockshin MD, et al. 2020 American college of rheumatology guideline for the management of reproductive health in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Arthritis & Rheumatology 2020;72(4):529-56. DOI 10.1002/art.4119
Gasperetti A, Biffi M, Duru F, Schiavone M, Ziacchi M, Mitacchione G, et al. Arrhythmic safety of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients from different clinical settings. Europace. 2020. doi:10.1093/europace/euaa21
Arshad S, Kilgore P, Chaudhry ZS, Jacobsen G, Deewang D, Huitsing K, et al. Treatment with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and combination in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 97: 396–403.
Cirino G, Ahluwalia A. The many mechanisms of action of Chloroquine-to use or notto use (in COVID-19) that is the question. Br J Pharmacol. 2020;177:3361-2.
Chen J, Liu D, Liu L, Liu P, Liu Q, Xia L, et al. A Pilot Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Treatment of Patients With Moderate COVID-19]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020;49(2):215-9.
Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddep L, Mailhe M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label nonrandomized clinical trial. Internat J Antimicrobial Agents. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949
Tang W, Cao Z, Han M, Wang Z, Chen J, Sun W, et al. Hydroxychloroquine in patients with mainly mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019: open label, randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2020;369:m1849
Yu B, Li C, Chen P, Zhou N, Wang L, Li J, et al. Low dose of hydroxychloroquine reduces fatality of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Sci China Life Sci 2020; 1-7.doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1732-2
Rosenberg ES, Dufort EM, Udo T, Wilberschied LA, Kumar J, Tesoriero J, et al. Association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine or azithromycin with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in New York state. JAMA 2020; May 11. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8630
BPOM. Fact sheet for health care providers emergency use authorization (eua) of hydroxychloroquine sulfate for treatment of covid-19 in certain hospitalized patients. 2020.
Burhan E, Susanto AD, Nasution SA, Ginanjar E, Pitoyo CW, Susilo A, et al. Pedoman Tatalaksana Covid-19, edisi 2. Jakarta; 2020.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
