Safety and Efficacy of Lutein and Zeaxanthin in the AREDS2 Formulation for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v53i10.2174Kata Kunci:
Age-related macular degeneration, AMD, AREDS2, lutein, zeaxanthinAbstrak
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative disease of the central retina and is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults worldwide. The original Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) supplement formula reduced the risk of progression to advanced AMD. However, the beta-carotene in this formula was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer in current and former smokers. AREDS2 evaluated lutein and zeaxanthin as safer substitutes for beta-carotene. These macular carotenoids have antioxidant effects and a better safety profile. Studies show that lutein and zeaxanthin help slow AMD progression through antioxidant effects and retinoprotective mechanisms. Researchers have also studied genetic factors, including complement factor H (CFH) and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2). However, current evidence is not strong enough to support individualized treatment based on these factors. Overall, lutein and zeaxanthin appear to provide a favorable balance of efficacy and safety as replacements for beta-carotene in the AREDS2 formulation.
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Referensi
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Haryo Dimasto Kristiyanto, Amaze Grace Sira, Yosafat Reza Herlambang Wibisana, Haryadi Aristo Tamma, Made Anom Danuartha
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